H. B. ADAMS, farmer, Section 1, P. O. Humboldt, was born near Cleveland, Ohio, in 1845, and shortly afterwards his parents moved to Green County, Wis., where he was reared on a farm. In June, 1862, he enlisted in the Eighth United States Infantry, Company B, and served three years. After the war, he went to Stephenson County, Ill., where he was employed in farming and teaching school. In the fall of 1872, he came to Kansas, and located on his present farm in Allen County, east of the city of Humboldt. Mr. Adams has 240 acres of improved land, and since his arrival in this State, has also taught school in the county. In connection with his farming pursuits, he was for two years teacher in the public schools in Humboldt. During 1881 and 1882, he attended the Normal School in Paola, graduating in June of the latter year.

CHARLES F. BUCHHALTER, real estate, loan and insurance office, was born in Germany, January 20, 1852, and two years later his parents immigrated to Reading, Penn. There he learned the trade of hatter, and followed that occupation about six years. He came to Kansas in March, 1876, located in Allen County, and for four years followed agricultural pursuits. In March, 1880, he moved to Humboldt and engaged in real estate business, also making a specialty of loaning money for Eastern capitalists, and transacting a general insurance business. In June, 1882, he made a trip to Europe, remaining there several months, traveling through England, Ireland and Scotland, in the interests of immigration to this State.

EVAN CALLANTINE, contractor and builder, was born in Guernsey County, Ohio, in 1835, and learned the carpenter trade at Marion, Grand Co., Ind., where he followed it for three years, as an apprentice. In 1856, he moved to Champaign County, Ill., and worked at his trade. In 1859, he went to Douglas County, and in June, 1861, enlisted in Company D, Twenty-first Illinois Infantry; was discharged in April, 1863, and re-enlisted in First Mississippi Marine Brigade, serving until December 1865. He then worked at his trade in Illinois, Missouri and Montana. He came to Kansas in March, 1871; located in Humboldt and engaged in his present business, following it for two years; then in Chicago for about four years, returning to Humboldt in 1877. Mr. C. has quite a nice business. He is a good builder, having had some twenty-three years' experience.

JOHN B. CHARLES, dealer in livestock , was born in Rushford, Allegany County, N. Y., September 11, 1851. Removed to Fort Scott, Bourbon Co., Kans., in 1868, with his father, Jonathan Charles, from Churchville, Monroe Co., N. Y. Spent one year attending and teaching school in Fort Scott, one year in farming, in Vernon County, Mo., but made his start in the summer of 1871, by breaking prairie with the old-fashioned ox team, and bought a few calves with the proceeds; worked for the Howe Sewing Machine Co. one year. In January, 1874, in company with his cousin, Frank N. Bannister, who had just come from Monroe County, N. Y., commenced buying, bunching and selling young cattle, under the firm name of Charles & Bannister. The dry summer of 1874 drove them to Big Creek, Allen County, in search of feed, where they were located for four years. In 1879, he made headquarters at Humboldt, summering cattle in Allen and Woodson counties, where Mr. C. owns 720 acres of land, and wintering on straw and stalk feed in Neosho County. Business increased until they handled about 2,000 head yearly, selling to parties from Illinois, Nebraska and Missouri, as well as Kansas. Mr. Bannister withdrew January 1, 1882, Mr. C. continuing the business. He was married September 14, 1880, to Teresa Neal, daughter of Moses Neal. She was an early settler, being born at or near Humboldt. They have two children.

JOSEPH A. COX, carpenter and builder, was born in Madison County, Ky., February 22, 1846, and learned the carpenter trade in Bartholomew County, Ind., serving an apprenticeship of some three years. In 1866 he removed to McLean County, Ill., where he farmed and worked at his trade, and was also for a time in Champaign County. He came to Kansas in March, 1875, locating at Humboldt, and engaged in his present business. He has a nice trade, both here and in the country, where he has built several schoolhouses. Mr. Cox is a practical builder with an experience extending over twenty years.

ROBERT E. CULBERTSON, farmer, Section 19, P. O. Humboldt, was born in Hart County, Ky., July 2, 1832 and there he spent his youth on his farther's farm. He came to the Territory April 30, 1857, and to Allen County May 29, 1857, and pre-empted his present homestead. During the late Rebellion he served in the Kansas State Militia. In the spring of 1864 he moved to Oregon, where he followed agricultural pursuits in Douglas County for some four years and returned to his farm in Allen County on November 14, 1878. Mr. Culbertson is among the largest farmers in this county; he has some 940 acres of land, 500 of which is under cultivation, and he is an extensive raiser and dealer in cattle, hogs, etc. He was married in Allen County, Kas., June 8, 1861, to Miss Adella E. Smith; they have a family of five children.

WILLIAM CUNNINGHAM, of Neal & Cunningham, merchants, was born in Allegheny County, Penn., in 1837, was reared on a farm. He taught school for a time, was for five years principal of a ward school in Pittsburgh, and during two years of that period was also engaged in oil and mercantile business in the Oil Regions of Pennsylvania. He then traveled for a publishing house eighteen months and for two months in life insurance business. During the war Mr. Cunningham served three years in an independent Battery of Pennsylvania Artillery. He came to Humboldt in February, 1871, was for three years employed in lumber business; had a store at Kalida, Kas., for two years, after which he returned to Humboldt and was again employed in lumber and mercantile business. In May, 1880, he joined Moses Neal in general merchandise business. The firm have two stores, dry goods, etc., and groceries, the latter being under the management of Mr. Cunningham.

E. C. ELDRIDGE, of Eldridge & Dunbaugh, grocers, was born at South Deerfield, Mass., January 31, 1853. In 1856 his father, James Monroe Eldridge, emigrated to Lawrence, Kas., where he died a year later. The subject of this sketch was reared and educated in Lawrence. In 1870 he came to Humboldt, was employed for two years in the real estate business, and for nine months as clerk in Pratt & Dayton;s Bank. In 1873 he embarked in the grocery business. In October, 1876, he became associated with his present partner, E. P. Dunbaugh. A year later Mr. Eldridge sold out and joined D. M. De Cow in the same business, remaining in partnership with him about four years, when he again became associated with Mr. Dunbaugh. The firm do a large business; to supply the demand they carry a fine stock of about $5,000. Mr. Eldridge was Clerk of Humboldt Township for five consecutive terms.

DR. D. D. FIFE, homoeopathist, was born in Marshall County, Ind., May 10, 1849, and reared on farm. He was educated at Southville College, Ohio, and at Hahnemann College, Chicago, Ill., where he graduated in 1871, after which he practiced at Plymouth, Ind. The Doctor came to Humboldt, Kas., April 17, 1878, and has since practiced his profession at this place, with good success, and has an excellent reputation as a physician in his locality.

PAUL FISHER, farmer and stock raiser, was born in Columbiana County, Ohio, in 1825, and was reared on a farm in Beaver County, Pa. His father's farm in Pennsylvania came up to the line between Ohio and Pennsylvania, about three miles from where subject was born and where his father lived and died. At the age of twenty-one years he went to South and was employed in the lumber woods of Louisiana and Mississippi for three years. In 1849 he returned home and in 1852 went to California, where he was for two years engaged in trading in general produce and live stock. Returning East he located in Jones County, Iowa, where he followed agricultural pursuits. In 1855 he came to Kansas, but only remained a few weeks, going to Texas, where he engaged in stock raising and where he has some 2,000 acres of land. He returned to Kansas in May, 1861, and located in Allen County, on a farm two and a half miles northwest of Humboldt and engaged in agricultural pursuits, etc. In 1868 he removed to Humboldt and was for two years engaged in the hardware business; selling out his interest in that business, he has since given his attention to looking after his various farms and raising and trading in live stock. He has in this county over 2,000 acres of land and as much more in other portions of the State.

ROBERT E. FITZSIMMONS, dealer in cigars, etc., was born in Warren County, Penn., in 1846, and moved with his parents to Allen County, Kas., in June, 1858. He resided with them on the farm in Geneva Township for four years. Was for four years engaged in stage driving, etc.; then carried the United States mail from Humboldt to Eldorado, Kas., after which he entered the employ of Peter Long, dealer in wines and liquors, at this place, with whom he remained some seven years. In June, 1881, he embarked in his present business.

HENRY C. FORD, Superintendent of the Public Schools, was born in Jackson County, Mo., in 1853; reared on a farm in Lawrence County, Mo., and for five years followed agricultural pursuits in Bates County; during the winters he was employed in farm work. Mr. Ford educated himself. In the winter of 1878 he came to Kansas and attended the Normal School at Paola, from which he graduated in July, 1879; then, wishing to perfect himself in the higher branches of education, he attended, during his vacation, etc., the State Normal School of Emporia, graduating in June, 1881. Mr. Ford came to Humboldt in the summer of 1880 and has had charge of the schools of this place since. He is one of the best educated teachers in this portion of the State and stands high in the community. He is a prominent member of the A., F. & A. M.

J. H. GARDNER, proprietor of the Palace Meat Market, was born in Anne Arundel County, Md., July 4, 1840, and was reared on a farm. In 1863 he moved to Washington, D. C., where he was employed for the Adams Express Company for two years, after which he had a grocery and provision stand in the city market. On May 6, 1870, he came to Humboldt, worked two years as a carpenter, and on June 1, 1872, embarked in his present business. Mr. Gardner began business in a small way, and has by industry and energy built up an extensive trade. He manufactures hams, lard, sausage, etc., and gives employment to five men. He owns seventy-five acres of land, located three-fourths of a mile from the city, where he keeps his live stock, and on which he has erected extensive slaughter houses.

CHARLES G. GEISSLER, manufacturer and dealer in harness, saddlery, etc., was born in Germany in 1846, and in 1852 his parents immigrated to St. Louis, Mo., where he learned the trade of harness maker, serving as an apprentice five years, after which he followed it as a journeyman in that city and Kansas City. In July, 1866, he came to Humboldt, was employed at his trade and in agricultural pursuits for one year, after which he worked as a journeyman at Fort Scott, Levenworth, Lawrence, Paola, etc. About 1870 he returned to Humboldt, and three years later engaged in his present business, with a stock of about $600. He has built up a nice trade, gives constant employment to two men in the manufacturing department, and carries a stock of about $3,500.

HIRAM H. HAYWARD, farmer, Section 20, P. O. Humboldt, was born in Greene County, Ind., and was reared on a farm. In 1853 he removed to Lawrence County, Mo., where he followed agricultural pursuits. He came to Kansas in April, 1855, locating in Humboldt Township, Allen County, and has since been engaged in farming. In the fall of 1866, he moved on to his present farm. He has 304 acres of land, a fine stone residence, and on his place is a good orchard. He enlisted October 19, 1861, in Company E. Ninth Kansas Cavalry, and served until January 16, 1865. He is the oldest settler now residing in the county, and was the first County Treasurer, elected in 1857. He was elected Sheriff in 1859, and is at present Treasurer of his township. He lost his left leg by an accident in a threshing machine in August, 1869, but still carries on a farm in which he is extensively engaged. Mr. Hayward was married in Greene County, Ind., in 1849, to Miss Elizabeth Stallcup. They have a family of four children.

MARTIN HENRICHS, manufacturer and dealer in harness, saddlery, etc., was born in Prussia, August 29, 1844. In Mount Pleasant, Iowa, he learned the trade of harness and saddle maker. During the war he worked in Burlington, Iowa, Quincy, Ill., and St. Louis, Mo. and also worked fifteen and one-half months for the Government at Vicksburg, Miss. In, the year of 1866 worked in Leavenworth, Kas., and Kansas City, Mo. In July, 1866, he came to Humboldt, Kans., and purchased a house and lot on the east side of the square, and a stock of harness, saddlery, boots and shoes, etc., and carried on business for fourteen months; then moved to Lawrence County, Mo.; continuing business at Mount Vernon until January, 1882, when he returned to Humboldt, bringing stock, etc., with him. He has a nice trade at this place, employs two men, and carries a stock of about $2,000. Is running a branch shop at Chanute, Kas., and employs two men there.

W. H. HOLTSCHNEIDER, manufacturer of cigars, was born in Germany in 1848, and learned this business with his father, who was an extensive manufacturer of cigars. In 1863 he immigrated to Missouri, and resided with his parents in Osage and Moniteau counties. In 1869 he began to work as a journeyman cigar-maker, following that occupation in various States. In the spring of 1871 he began to manufacture on his own account at Humboldt. His business was small at first, but he has by industry and energy built up a wide and extensive trade. He employs in his factory twenty-five to thirty men, and manufactures over 50,000 cigars per month. Mr. H. is thoroughly versed in this business, having had a practical experience of over twenty-three years.

JACOB O. HUTCHINSON, contractor and builder, and manufacturer of Wallace Wind Mill, was born at Mount Blanchard, Hardin Co., Ohio, September 15, 1844, and eleven years later removed to Jones County, Iowa, and there learned the carpenter trade with his father. He worked at it there for a time, and was also for four years in Montana and Utah, where he principally followed ranching. He came to Humboldt, Kansas, on November 17, 1869, and worked for five years at his trade as a journeyman, since which time he has followed the business as a contractor. In the spring of 1881 he purchased the right to sell and manufacture the Wallace wind mill. He has for one year been in partnership with James McManus, an experienced carpenter and builder. The firm does considerable work throughout the country.

REV. FATHER CHARLES L. KEARFUL, pastor of St. Joseph's Catholic Church, was born in Cumberland, Md., in 1845. He was educated at Annapolis Seminary, and at Mount St. Clemens Seminary, Howard County, Md. In August, 1871, he went to St. Joe, Mo., where he was ordained by Bishop J. J. Hogan in March, 1872. Was then in charge of church at Brunswick, Mo., for three years, afterwards Rector of St. Joseph's Cathedral, St. Joe, Mo., for two years, and was also during that period chaplain to the Convent of the Sacred Heart. In September, 1877, he came to Kansas, was stationed at Clifton, Washington County, and had charge of some eight churches in the neighboring counties. He came to Humboldt August 11, 1878, and entered upon his present duties.

NICHOLAS KEMMERER, grocery and bakery, was born in Germany in 1832. There he learned the trade of saddler. In 1852 he immigrated to New York and worked at his trade there and in Connecticut up to August, 1858, when he came to Humboldt. He opened a saddlery and harness manufacturing establishment, which he conducted up to July, 1878. He then engaged in his present business. He has a nice trade, and carries some $2,000 in stock. Mr. Kemmerer is also agent for the North German Lloyd's S. S. Co., and for some six years was a member of the City Council. He was married in Hartford, Conn., in 1854, to Mary Zwari Zingred, and they have a family of five children.

ISAAC KLING, dealer in groceries, hides, furs, pelts, etc., was born in Germany in 1833. There he was employed in the business of his father, who was engaged in buying and selling all kinds of merchandise. In 1854 he immigrated to America and followed peddling in various States. At the outbreak of the war he sold out his stock at Quincy, Ill., and moved to Pike County, where he was engages in general merchandise business. In the fall of 1869 he came to Kansas. For five years he carried on business at Eudora, and in 1874 located at Humboldt. Was for two years engaged in dealing in hides, wool, etc., after which he farmed for five years in Neosho County. Returning to Humboldt he embarked in his present business. Mr. K. has a nice trade and carries a stock of about $1,200.

CHARLES LANDER, carriage factory, was born in Sweden, September 3, 1844. He learned the trade of blacksmith there and worked at it for some years. In June 1867, he immigrated to Chicago, Illinois, where he was employed at his trade in the shops of the Illinois Central R. R. Co. He came to Kansas in the spring of 1871, located at Humboldt, and for four months worked as a blacksmith, after which he embarked in his present business in a small way. He has by industry and energy built up quite a large business. His factory building is stone, besides which he has two wooden buildings for storage and the woodwork manufacture. He employs ten men. Builds wagons, fine buggies, and has also blacksmith and repair shop. Mr. L. has also a farm of 160 acres in Saline County, and another of 160 acres in Wilson County. He is a member of the I. O. O. F. and an enterprising business man.

WILLIAM LASSMANN, contractor, stone mason, etc., was born in Germany, January 19, 1829. Here he learned the trade of stone mason and plasterer. In 1853 he immigrated to America, and was for three years employed in the cotton mills near Paterson, N. J.; afterwards at Hartford, Conn., for a few months. He came to Kansas in May, 1857, and located in Allen County, and took an active part in laying out the town of Humboldt, where he has since resided. He has followed his trade at this place for about twenty-six years, besides which he is also engaged in the manufacture of bricks, making about 300,000 per annum, and has also a nice farm of about sixty-five acres.

WILLIAM LINDSAY, proprietor of the Humboldt Water Mills, was born October 13, 1827, at Versailles, Ripley Co., Ind. In 1848 he made a trip across the plains, and arrived at Oregon City, in the Willamette Valley, making the trip, after reaching Missouri, in four and a half months. That winter-1848 and `49 - being the most severe on record, Mr. L., decided upon going to California. He reached there just as the gold excitement was running high, and immediately engaged in the mining business. From the mines he went to Sonoma County, where he engaged in farming for five years. In 1854 he returned to Indiana, and on October 29, of that year, married Miss Nancy Boatman. The next spring he returned to California and engaged in farming, but only remained two years. After three years' residence in Missouri, he again crossed over the mountains, remained in California six months, and then went to the Nevada mines. He returned to Indiana in 1865. Made two trips to California, and returned in the next eighteen months. After his return form the last of these overland journeys, he purchased a flour mill at Friendship, Ripley, Co., Ind. In 1873 he disposed of his milling property and went to Austin, Texas, where he engaged in the wholesale grocery trade. Not liking the business, he disposed of his interest and came to Humboldt, Kas., where for a few months he tried his hand in the cattle market. He then built a dam across the Neosho River, and went into partnership with W. C. O'Brien, in the Humboldt Mills. In 1877 Mr. O'Brien retired, and his place was taken by Mr. D. M. Blackwood, who remained in the business until September, 1881, when Mr. L. bought his interest, and has since been sole proprietor. The mills are run entirely by water-power. He manufactures his flour by the gradual reduction system, and the mills have a capacity of 80 to 100 barrels of flour per day, besides 24,000 pounds of meal, etc. Mr. L. has lately built a fine stone warehouse, capable of storing 16 car loads of flour. Mr. And Mrs. Lindsay have had three children - Hattie, Nevada and Lycurgus.

P. S. LIKES, real estate, loan and insurance agent, was born at Flemingsburg, Fleming Co., Ky., in 1826. In 1845 he removed to Wausau, Wis., where for five years he followed lumbering, afterward went to California, where he was engaged in mining for three years, returning, last located in Pike County, Ill., where he speculated in farming lands, etc. In July, 1861, he enlisted in Company I, Twenty-eighth Illinois Infantry, and was at once elected First Lieutenant in October, 1862. He was mustered out on account of physical disability, and was shortly afterwards appoint Deputy Provost, of Ninth District of Illinois. In 1864 he substituted and went to Camp Butler, Ill., as Sergeant of "Sub and Draft Camp." Five months later he was mustered out to receive a Captain's commission, in which capacity he served until January 21, 1866, after which he was not actively engaged for two years. In the spring of 1868 he came to Kansas and located in Allen County, and followed agricultural pursuits, up to 1877, when he sold his farm, moved to Humboldt, and embarked in real estate business. In November, 1882, became associated with his present partner, W. A. Squires. The firm do an extensive real estate and loan business. In 1879, Mr. Likes was appointed local land agent for the K. C., L. & S. K. R. R. Co., and is also subagent for the M. K. & T. R. R.

PETER LONG, tobacconist, was born in Madison County, Ill., February, 18, 1829. He spent his youth on a farm and some years later in milling, conducting a saw and grist mill for about two years. In June, 1857, he moved to Jasper County, Mo., and in 1858, came to Kansas. He took a claim in Cherokee County, on the Cherokee neutral lands, opened up a farm and resided there until July, 1861, when he moved to Humboldt. During the late rebellion, he served three months in what is known as "Jim Lane's Tads." In October, 1862, he embarked in the wine and liquor business and carried on a wholesale and retail trade at this place for many years, and during that period also carried on a farm for seven years. Mr. Long has recently engaged in his present business. He was elected a member of the board of commissioners, for Allen County, in the fall of 1864, and re-elected in 1866, and in 1868 and again in 1876, for one year, and for three years in the fall of 1877, serving in all ten years. Mr. Long is a member of the A., F. & A. M., and is at present treasurer of Valley Chapter, this place. He was also a member of the I. O. O. F. lodge of this place but resigned some years ago, while holding the office of noble grand. 

WILLIAM T. McELROY, Postmaster, was born in Washington County, Pa., in December, 1845; eleven years later his parents moved to Mahoning County, Ohio. In 1860, he began to learn the trade of printer, at Warren, Trumbull County, which business he followed until in January, 1865, when he enlisted in Company D, One Hundred and Ninth-sixth-Ohio Infantry, serving one year. In March, 1866, he came to Humboldt, Kas., was engaged in publishing the Humboldt Union, for nine months; he joined N. J. Needham, in January, 1867, and purchased the paper; this firm dissolved in August, 1868, and Mr. McElroy has been sole proprietor since. He was appointed Postmaster at this place in January, 1880. He is a prominent member of the A., F. & A. M., and was for three years secretary of the chapter at this place.

JOHN M. MOORE, contractor and builder, was born in Parke County, Ind., March 6, 1828, reared on a farm, and also learned the trade of carpenter, following it as a journeyman. He came to Kansas in March, 1857, and resided one year in Shawnee County, near Topeka. In March, 1858, he came to Allen County and took up a claim on the Neosho River. Two years later he removed to Humboldt, since which time he has carried on business as contractor and builder, and was for a time engaged in constructing railroad bridges in Missouri. He did the wood work on all the principal churches in this city. Mr. Moore enlisted in June, 1861, in Company D, First Kansas Infantry, and, after having served about a year, was disabled and discharged. During the latter portion of the war he served in the Kansas State Militia as Captain of the Neosho Valley Rangers.

GEORGE W. MOON, farmer, Section 6, P. O. Humboldt, was born in Butler County, Ohio, in 1838, and was reared on a farm. He was also employed in mills in that county and in the State of Indiana, near the State line. On September 5, 1862, he enlisted in Company B, Sixty-ninth Ohio Infantry. He was taken prisoner at the battle of Chickamauga, September 20, 1863, and confined at various Rebel prisons, such as Belle Isle, Andersonville, Libby, etc., for seventeen months. He was mustered out after serving three years and eight months. Mr. Moon came to Allen County, Kansas, in 1868, and located at Humboldt Township, at which time he embarked in agricultural pursuits and was also for some time employed in flouring mills at Humboldt. In 1871 he removed on to his present farm. He has 160 acres, all highly improved. He was Clerk of the Township several years, and in the fall of 1881 he was elected, for a term of three years, a member of the Board of Commissioners for Allen County.

A. G. NEWGENT, merchant, was born in Clark County, Ind., in 1817, reared on a farm and also learned the trade of cooper. At the age of twenty-four he moved to Cass County, Mo., where he engaged in mercantile pursuits. In the summer of 1861 he organized the Missouri, Cass County, Home Guards, was appointed Colonel of the same, and served two years, when he resigned, and in 1864 he was elected to the Missouri State Constitutional Convention. After the war he was located at Washington, D. C.; for about eight years engaged in looking after the war claims of the irregular troops of Kansas and Missouri. He then owned and conducted the Leland Hotel at Kansas City for several years, and engaged in merchandise business at Platte City, Mo. In 1880 he came to Humboldt and at once embarked in dry goods and notions business; he has a nice business and carries a stock of about $3,000.

G. A. NICHOLETTS, real estate, loan and insurance agent, was born in England in 1840. He served some six years as Lieutenant in H. M. Sixty-eighth Light Infantry and Second Queen's Royals. In May, 1861, he immigrated to New York, enlisted in the Eleventh New York Cavalry, and was appointed Sergeant Major of the regiment; was promoted to Second Lieutenant, July 17, 1862; First Lieutenant, September 27, following, and to Captain, in September, 1864, serving until mustered out of the service in October, 1865, after which he again resided in England for two years; returning to America in 1867, he engaged in cotton planting for a year in Tennessee. Was then Deputy Clerk of Chancery Court for two years afterward Clerk of Chancery Court, Tallahatchie County, Miss., for five years. In August, 1879, he came to Humboldt and embarked in the real estate business. In May, 1881, he became associated with N. S. Raunells, his present partner. Mr. N. is commander of the G. A. R. Post, Vicksburg, No. 72.

MOSES NEAL, of Neal & Cunningham, merchants, was born in Franklin County, Ill., November 15, 1833, and reared on a farm. In August, 1854, he came to Kansas and took up a claim in Shawnee County, which is now the town site of Topeka. This claim, however, he abandoned in a few weeks, and, going to Douglas County, took up a claim there, on which he resided until February, 1858, when he moved to Humboldt and took up another claim two miles north of the present town, which he improved and still retains. He embarked in mercantile business shortly after his arrival, and from 1863 to 1868 was also a licensed Indian trader to the Osages. In 1869 he disposed of his business and gave his attention to his farms. From 1870 to 1872 he was engaged in freighting for the Government. In 1877 he again engaged in mercantile business at Humboldt, and in 1880 admitted his present partner, William Cunningham. They have two stores, general merchandise and groceries, in which they carry about $10,000 in stock. Mr. Neal is the oldest resident merchant in Humboldt; he owns some 400 acres of land in the county and raises considerable stock. He was appointed Postmaster of the place in 1859 and held it two years. During the Rebellion he served in the Allen County Guards, first as Lieutenant, then as Captain.

JAMES PEERY, grain dealer, was born in Monroe County, Ind., April 10, 1843. In 1857, his parents moved to Cumberland County, Ill. He enlisted April 21, 1861, in the Thirty-eighth Illinois Infantry, Company H, in which he served four years. After the war he learned the trade of carpenter at Paris, Ill., serving as an apprentice some three years. He came to Kansas, September 2, 1868, located in Crawford County, near Jacksonville; there he farmed and also carried on business as a contractor and builder for about six years. During his residence there he was Trustee of the township two years and Bridge Commissioner two years. His next location was Parsons, where he carried on an extensive business as a builder, after which he conducted a farm twelve miles from Parsons for two years. In 1878, he moved to Henry County, Mo., and followed building, etc., at Montrose. In February, 1882, he came to Humboldt, was largely engaged in raising broom corn, and on December of that year, he embarked in his present business.

DANIEL P. PRATT, manager for L. A. Brown & Co., dealers in lumber, grain, etc., was born in Boston, Mass., December 24, 1849. At eighteen years of age he removed to Chicago, Ill., where he was employed in hardware business until 1874, when he moved to Peoria. Here he joined two of his brothers, and established the East India Tea Company, which concern carried on eight stores; selling out his interest in this business, he came to Kansas in October, 1878, located at Council Grove, Morris County, where he was employed as a carpenter and builder for eighteen months. In September, 1880, he moved to Cherryvale, Kas., and entered the employ of this firm. Eighteen months later, he moved to Americus, Kas., and was for seven months in charge of their yard at that place. Mr. Pratt came to Humboldt in August, 1882, and entered upon his present duties. The firm do the leading business in their line at this place.

WILLIAM RATH, of Rath Bros., blacksmith and general repair shop, was born in Germany, in 1840, and partially learned the blacksmith trade there. In 1857, he immigrated to St. Louis, Mo., where he continued to work as a blacksmith for two years, afterward at Linn Creek, Mo., where he farmed and followed his trade. In the summer of 1861, he enlisted in Company I, Fourth Missouri Cavalry, and served three years, after which he returned to Linn Creek. In November, 1866, he came to Humboldt, and in company with his brother, John R., embarked in this business. This is the oldest firm in this business in Humboldt; they have a fine stone building for a shop, and do a large trade. Mr. Rath has been a member of the City Council of Humboldt for some years, and in the fall of 1878, was elected to the State Legislature from his District.

RICHARD R. REDFIELD, dealer in musical merchandise, sewing machines, etc., was born at Twinsburg, Ohio, and was reared on a farm and in a saw mill. Some years later he moved to Coldwater, Mich., where he was for two years employed in a photograph gallery. He then removed to Hillsdale. The subject of this sketch came to Humboldt in the fall of 1866, and was for two years employed as a clerk in the mercantile business, after which he engaged at his present enterprise. He deals in all kinds of musical instruments, sewing machines, etc., and also teaches vocal and instrumental music.

WILLIAM A. REDFIELD, manufacturer of carriages, buggies, etc., was born at Killingworth, Conn., May 10, 1831, and began business life at the age of eighteen years, embarking in a carriage repair shop, which business he conducted for a number of years, and was, also, for some fifteen years, engaged in merchandising, at the same place. He came to Humboldt, Kas., in 1869, and engaged in the hardware business, selling out in January, 1872, and buying back the same stock in September 1873. In the spring of 1873, he also started the business of carriage building and repairing, and has built up quite an extensive trade. In his establishment he employs fifteen men. Mr. Redfield was for five years Treasurer of Humboldt Township, also for two years a member of the City Council.

ARMSTEAD M. RICHARDS, fruit grower, in Section 3, P. O. Humboldt, was born in London Co., Va., Dec. 26, 1826, and when young, his parents moved to Adams County, Ill., where the subject of this sketch carried on a farm for twenty-five years, and was largely engaged in growing peaches, of which he had a large orchard. In November, 1879, he came to Allen County, Kas., and purchased his present farm, situated one mile east of Humboldt, consisting of 160 acres, thirty of which is in fruit trees and berries; also a small vineyard of two acres. His fruit orchard is one of the finest and most extensive in the county. His place is well improved, has a splendid residence, etc.; he is also breeding Berkshire hogs. Mr. Richards has another farm, one mile and a half east of Humboldt, on Section 2, consisting of 112 acres, on which his son, Stephen, now resides.

EZRA R. RUSSELL, physician, was born at Galesburg, Ill., January 30, 1840. He began the study of medicine in 1869, at Ellisville, Ill., with Drs. Morris and Hull. On August 11, 1862, he enlisted in Company I, Eighty-third Illinois Volunteer Infantry, serving in the ranks until December, 1863, when he was appointed Assistant Surgeon of the Twelfth United States Colored Infantry, by the Secretary of War, which position he retained until October, 1865. He afterward attended Jefferson Medical College at Philadelphia, graduating March 10, 1866, and in June following, immigrated to Lawrence, Kas., where he followed his profession. In 1869, he was appointed Assistant Surgeon Nineteenth Kansas Volunteer Infantry, serving six months. The Doctor came to Humboldt in January, 1870, and has since followed his profession at this place, in connection with which he also conducts a drug business. The Doctor has been a member of the Town Council of Humboldt for the past four years.

JACOB SCHLEICHER, Street Commissioner and City Marshal, was born in Germany, October 5, 1824. There he learned the trade of tailor. In 1854, he immigrated to Hartford Conn., where he worked at his trade. In May, 1857, he moved to Allen County, Kas., and took up a claim of 160 acres in Humboldt Township, where he followed agricultural pursuits until 1864, when he moved to town. He was for some time in the hotel and livery business, and also, for some time, carried on a hotel restaurant. Mr. S. was among those who first laid out the town of Humboldt. He was appointed City Marshal in 1865, served three years, and was again appointed in 1879. In 1874, he was made Street Commissioner, served two years, and was re-appointed in 1879. He was married in Germany, in 1853, to Katherina B. Zwanziger. They have a family of six children.

EDWARD STICKLER, proprietor of the Humboldt Woolen Mills, is a native of Ashland County, Ohio, was born in 1837, and in 1847 commenced his trade and continued as an employe (sic) till 1857, then commenced business for himself in Richland County, Ohio. In 1866 he removed to Johnson County, Iowa, near Iowa City, where he built a mill and did a successful business for fourteen years, making all kinds of fine goods, such as have received several State diplomas together with numerous county diplomas. As the business increased and the water power was limited, he removed his machinery to Iowa Falls, Hardin Co., Iowa, where he did a large business, furnishing convict goods for Iowa, Nebraska, and Kansas prisons, and as there was not sufficient wool he had to import wool from Kansas. So he sold out and settled in Woodson County, Kas., and farmed till he could sell it, and then commenced building a sample woolen mill at Humboldt, Allen Co., in 1883, where he expects to remain and work up a large business in the midst of a good wool country. He also has two sons operating a fine business in Washington., Iowa. As a mechanic he is among the patentists, and has a recent patent on a windmill which he contemplates manufacturing in connect with the woolen mill. With thirty-six years experience success might be expected. He was an orphan boy sent out in the world at the age of ten years, in 1847.

ELIJAH STROSNIDER, stock-raiser, Section 20, P. O. Humboldt, was born in Monongahela County, W. Va., April 25, 1838. There his father carried on an extensive stock farm. In the spring of 1859 he moved to Scotland County, Mo., where he lived until April 25, 1860, when he came to Kansas and pre-empted 160 acres of land in Woodson County and turned his attention to improving the same. In the spring of 1861 he enlisted in the Tenth Kansas Infantry and served four years. Mr. S. was commissioned Second Lieutenant, but was not mustered, the war closing. Returning to his farm he resided there two years, and then moved to Humboldt, Allen County, where he engaged in the wholesale liquor business, which he carried on for about twelve years. In the spring of 1881 he moved to his present farm. He has 520 acres of land and is extensively engaged in raising stock, making a specialty of mules, of which he owns a large number. Mr. S. was married in Allen County September 20, 1868, to Mary Beck. They have a family of three children.

DR. GEORGE W. TAYLOR is a native of New York and a graduate of Syracuse Medical College. The doctor began the practice of medicine in his native State about 1846. In 1853 he moved west to Princeton, Ill., where he continued to reside until April, 1881, when he came to Humboldt, Kas., to reside. He has since the fall of 1853 been connected with the Christian Church, is now preaching, and has full charge of that church at this place. He also practices medicine and has a nice farm of about 160 acres.

HARMANN THOLEN, restaurant and confectionery, was born in Germany September 9, 1853. He was for four years employed as a sailor on the ocean, and in 1872 immigrated to Clinton County, Ill., where he was employed in agricultural pursuits. He came to Kansas in 1877, located at Humboldt, and engaged in grocery business, selling his goods in the country in exchange for butter, eggs, etc. In 1878 he purchased his present business from J. Hamberger, and has now the oldest established restaurant in the place. He is also engaged in manufacturing and bottling soda water, etc., in which business he employs three men. Mr. T. carries on an extensive trade in ice. He has two large ice houses, capable of storing some 2,000 tons.

JOHN N. UTTERSON, of Utterson & McLeod, proprietors of Humboldt Furniture Factory, is a native of Scotland, born in November, 1848. There he learned the trade of cabinetmaker, and at the age of twenty-one years immigrated to Chicago, Ill., where for a few months he worked at his trade. In March, 1870, he came to Kansas, and a few months later located at Humboldt; was employed in the furniture store of A. Bush, and in July, 1871, purchased the business; in 1875 the manufacturing department was added, and in November, 1879, David McLeod was admitted to a partnership. The firm carry a fine stock of furniture, etc., and have a large factory where they manufacture furniture, undertakers' goods, etc., giving employment to six men or more. A description of the manufactory will be found in the county history.

JESSE J. VAN FOSSEN, Section 39, P. O. Humboldt, Kas., was born at Cincinnati, Ohio, in 1830, and was reared on a farm in Shelby County. In 1853 he emigrated West to Eldorado County, Cal., where he followed mining pursuits for eight years, and farmed one on Grizzly Bend, Sacramento River, Butte Co., Cal. In July 1, 1862, he came to Allen County, Kas., and located on his present farm. Mr. Van Fossen has 552 acres in Allen County, Kas. His residence farm consists of 222 acres, all well improved, and he is an extensive raiser of live stock. During the war he served in the Kansas State Militia. He is a prominent member of the Masonic fraternity; is treasurer of the lodge at Humboldt, and holds the office of scribe in the Chapter at that place. Mr. Van Fossen was married in Allen County, Kas., in March, 1863, to Amelia Bartels. They have a family of three children.

F. N. WERT, proprietor of the Humboldt Livery, Feed and Sale Stable, was born at Cincinnati, Ohio, January 20, 1839. Six months later his parents immigrated to Montgomery County, Ind.; there he enlisted in Company B, One Hundred and Twentieth Indiana Infantry. Was mustered out June 20, 1865, after which he was employed as a carpenter in Indiana. He came to Kansas in November, 1867, and located in Allen County, and was for three years engaged in agricultural pursuits. Moving to Humboldt, he opened a real estate and law office with others, under the style of Gilbert, Suits & Wert. Three years later he sold out his interest, and was employed as a traveling salesman until October, 1880, when he engaged in his present business. He deals extensively in horses; has fine barns and good livery stock.

DR. M. E. WOLFE, dentist, was born in Fairfield County, in 1846. He was educated at Fairfield Union Academy, and studied dentistry at Lancaster, Ohio, with Drs. Scott & Crider; also attended lectures at Pennsylvania Dental College, Philadelphia. The doctor began the practice of his profession in 1869, at Philadelphia, but shortly after returned to Lancaster, Ohio. In December, 1870, he came to Humboldt, and at once opened an office for the practice of dentistry. He has also an office at Chanute. The doctor is also a member of the Kansas State Dental Association, and bears an excellent reputation as a skillful dentist. In connection with other pursuits, he is also interested in farming and stock-raising, and has a fine fruit orchard of fifteen acres.

JAMES B. YOUNG, capitalist, is a native of Morgan County, Ind., where he was reared on a farm, and also taught school in that locality for several years. He came to Allen County, Kas., May 9, 1857, and located near the present town site of Humboldt. He farmed for some two years and was also interested in a saw-mill. About 1859 he embarked in mercantile business as a clerk, and was employed in that capacity until September, 1861, when he enlisted in Company G, Ninth Kansas Cavalry, and was appointed Quartermaster Sergeant. He was mustered out, January 16, 1865. Returning to Humboldt he followed mercantile pursuits, for some years. In the fall of 1875 he was elected Treasurer of Allen County, and re-elected in 1877, serving in all four years. Mr. Young has considerable real estate and devotes his time principally to the management of the same. 

CHARLES ADAMS, farmer, Section 36, P. O. Humboldt, was born in Ireland in 1835, and four years later immigrated with his parents to Quebec, Can., thence to Detroit, Mich., and some years later to Illinois. He was for some years employed in steam boating on the Illinois and Mississippi rivers. In 1860 he settled in Miami County, Ohio, where he farmed for five years, then in Bureau County, Ill., engaged in the same capacity. He came to Allen County, Kas., in March, 1870, and located on his present farm, which consists of 100 acres of finely improved land, seventy-five of which is under cultivation, and he has a nice orchard of about five acres. Mr. Adams is quite an extensive stock-raiser. He was married in Cincinnati, Ohio, in 1860, to Addie B. Hogan, and they have a family of ten children.

RICHARD CLINCHY, farmer, Section 3, P. O. Humboldt, is a native of Ireland, and immigrated to the city of New York in 1858 where he was engaged in the wool business, carrying on a large trade until he disposed of the same and came to Allen County, Kan., in August, 1879, at which time he located on his present farm. Mr. C. is one of the largest land owners in this section of country. He has some 900 acres and is an extensive stock-raiser. His farm is finely improved, with a magnificent residence, good farm building and a nice orchard.

MILTON HAWLEY, farmer, Section 25, P. O. Humboldt, was born in Stark County, Ohio, February 2, 1834, was reared on a farm. In 1858 he moved to Cedar County, Iowa, where he followed agricultural pursuits for a time, then in the same capacity in Johnson County. In October, 1869, he moved to Saline County, Mo., and in 1870 came to Kansas, locating, in February, 1871, in this township, and has since been engaged in farming and raising stock. In 1876 he moved on to his present farm, which consists of 160 acres, all well improved, and on which there is a fine orchard of about four acres. Mr. Hawley is one of the enterprising men of his neighborhood. He has filled many of the local offices, and in 1875 was elected a member of the Board of County Commissioners, which office he filled two years.

LEONARD B. PEARSON, farmer, Section 30, Township 25, Range 19, P. O. Humboldt, was born in Belleville, Jefferson Co., N. Y., July 2, 1832; learned the blacksmith trade with his father. At the age of eighteen years he took to sailing on the lakes and followed that occupation off and on for ten years, during which period he educated himself. In 1861 he came west to Du Page County, Ill., where he was for a time engaged in company with his brother in the manufacture of edge tools, and also taught school. Mr. Pearson served his country during the late war. He enlisted May 10, 1864, in Company C, One Hundred and Thirty-second Illinois Volunteer Infantry, and served some seven months. He came to Kansas November 22, 1870, and located in Allen County, since which time he has followed agricultural pursuits. He moved on to his present farm in November, 1872. He has 320 acres all improved, and raises considerable stock. He occupies the position of historian in the Old Settlers Association of his township. Mr. P. was married at Downer's Grove, Du Page County, Ill., March 25, 1867, to Jane C. Dixon. They have four children.

JOSEPH W. PINE, farmer, Section 4, P. O. Humboldt, was born in Frederick County, Va., in 1830. He learned the trade of blacksmith in Berkley County, and worked at it there until 1858, when he moved to Muscatine County, Iowa, where for ten years he carried on a blacksmith shop. In May, 1866, he came to Allen County, Kan., and located on his present farm. He has a finely improved place consisting of some 400 acres, on which there are good stone fences, fine orchards and residence. He also to some extent follows blacksmithing in connection with agricultural pursuits, and is a large raiser of cattle and hogs. Mr. Pine is one of the representative men of his township; he is a staunch Democrat and is President of the Old Settlers Association of his township. 

JOHN DAY, farmer, Section 36, P. O. Humboldt, was born in Parke County, Ind., December 21, 1840, and reared on a farm. In August, 1861, he enlisted in Company K, Thirty-First Indiana Infantry, and served three years, after which he followed agricultural pursuits in Parke County. He came to Allen County, Kan., in October, 1869, and located on his present farm, which consists of 160 acres, all well improved. He has a nice orchard and raises general farming stock. Mr. Day is one of the enterprising men of his township, and has filled many of the local offices.

JAMES A. GARRETT, farmer, Section 29, P. O. Humboldt, is a native of Highland County, Ohio. Moved to Polk County, Iowa, in 1847, where he owned a farm of 187 acres within five miles of Des Moines. In 1852 he went to California, where for four years he followed mining pursuits; in 1856 returned home. In 1860 went to Colorado and engaged in mining; returned in autumn of same year, and followed farming until 1867, when he sold his farm and bought ten acres near Kansas City, Mo., and engaged in horticulture. He sold out in August, 1879, and located on his present farm, which consists of 226 acres all improved - 150 acres under cultivation, balance in pasture and meadow.

LYLE A. GARRETT, farmer, Section 23, P. O. Humboldt, was born in Highland County, Ohio, March 18, 1823, and was reared on a farm. At twenty-four years of age he moved to Polk County Iowa, where he was employed at farming, and in 1852 immigrated to California, and for four and a half years was engaged in ranching and mining pursuits; returning east to Polk County, Iowa, he again gave his attention to agricultural pursuits. On August 7, 1862, he enlisted in Company C, Twenty-third Iowa Infantry, was promoted to First Lieutenant in October, 1863, and served in all three years. In 1867 he came west to Missouri, locating near Kansas City, where he carried on a fruit farm of ten acres. Mr. Garrett came to Allen County, Kan., in May, 1879, and purchased his present farm; he has 345 acres, 165 of which are in cultivation and four in orchard, besides which he is an extensive stock-raiser, making a specialty of that business.

JOHN GEISSLER, farmer, Section 23, P. O. Humboldt, was born at St. Louis, Mo., in 1843, and reared in Madison County, Ill., where he followed agricultural pursuits. He came to Allen County, Kans., in the spring of 1866, and took up a homestead in this township; on which he resided for one year, then moved on to his present farm, which consists of 160 acres, seventy of which are in cultivation, and he raises considerable live stock. On his place is a nice stone residence, and he has two acres of fruit trees, grape vines, etc. Mr. Geissler was married in Allen County, Kan., in 1868, to Caroline Ott; their family consists of seven children, all born in this county.

IRA W. NOYES, farmer, Section 26, P. O. Humboldt, was born at Oxford, Me., in 1849, moving with his parents to Sauk County, Wis., in 1855, from thence to Iowa, and then resided in Lawrence and Barton counties, Mo. In May, 1862, he came to Kansas, locating in Neosho County with his father, David B. Noyes, and in the spring of 1864 came to Allen County, since which time he has resided on his present farm, which consists of eighty acres, all well improved. He has served three years as Clerk of the township, and in the spring of 1882 was elected Trustee and re-elected in 1883. Mr. Noyes was married in Neosho County, Kan., in March, 1877, to Elmira J. Wheatley, and their family consists of four children.

JACOB M. PHEBUS, farmer, Section 24, P. O. Humboldt, was born in Carl County, Ind., in 1837, and reared in Madison County, Iowa, where his parents removed shortly after his birth; there he followed agricultural pursuits, and was employed in same capacity in Cass County. In 1855 he moved to Otoe County, Neb., where he farmed until May, 1867, when he came to Allen County, Kan., and located on his present farm. He has in all 120 acres of land, sixty-five of which are in cultivation and four in orchard. He is also an extensive breeder of hogs. Mr. Phebus was Justice of the Peace in this township for two years. He was married in Cass County, Neb., in 1859, to Mary Lewis, they have a family of four children.

HON. SAMUEL J. STEWART, farmer, Section 33, P. O. Humboldt, was born in Miami County, Ohio, March 28, 1833, and ten years later his people moved to Champaign County, Ill., where he was reared on a farm. He came to Allen County, Kan., April &, 1856, and located on his present farm. He has now 410 acres of land, all well improved, 200 of which are in cultivation, and five in orchard. His principal business is the manufacture of cheese, which he carries on quite extensively, and is the only one engaged in that line in this county. He was elected a member of the First Free-state Territorial Legislature of Kansas, in 1857. During the late war, he took an active part in raising men, and on August 7, 1861, enlisted in Company G, Fourth Kansas Infantry. He was appointed First Lieutenant at once. His company was afterwards consolidated into Company H, of the Tenth Kansas, and on February 2, he was promoted to Captain, serving until mustered out, August 18, 1864. The Captain was elected in November, 1882, to represent his district in the State Legislature. He has for many years been a member of the A. F. & A. M., at Humboldt. The subject of this sketch was married at Monticello, Platt Co., Ill., in 1868, to Miss Emma Heath; they have six children, all born here. 

NELSON F. ACERS was born on a farm in Kane County, Ill., on March 4, 1839. He is the son of Roswell W. Acers, now living at Iola. In 1855, he removed to Geneva with his parents, and there he had the advantage of the common schools of the town for four years. He then entered the Michigan University where he studied for some time, but before graduating he returned home to begin the study of law. After studying for one year in the office of Major J. H. Mayborne, at Geneva, he entered the law department of the Albany University where he graduated in the spring of 1862, and was admitted to practice before the Supreme Court. He then returned to Geneva and began the practice. He was married September 23, 1863, to Ellen A. Conant, daughter of Wm. Conant, a merchant of Geneva. In the spring of 1865 he came to Allen County, Kas., located at Iola, and began the practice of his profession, which he continued until August, 1876 meeting with good success. He was elected Attorney of Allen County in 1866, and re-elected in 1868. In the fall of 1874 he was chosen Probate Judge of Allen County, for one term. He was nominated on the Democratic ticket, in the fall of 1882, as Representative to the United States Congress, in opposition to Hon. D. C. Haskell, the Republican nominee. Mr. Acers made a strong race for the office, and was defeated by the small plurality of 3,485 votes. In July, 1868, he became associated with Judge H. W. Talcott in the publication of the Register, at Iola. In the fall of 1869 he sold his interest in the paper to his partner. In the summer of 1868 Roswell W. Acers followed his son to Kansas and settled in Iola. In 1872 a company was formed in Iola, for the purpose of digging for coal. Of this company, both Acers were members. While drilling for this purpose they struck a mineral spring, a description of which will be found in the general county history. In the spring of 1874, Nelson F. Acers and his father purchased the interest of the other stockholders in the well; also six acres of land surrounding it. On this they built a hotel, several cottages; set out trees for shade and ornament, and it is now quite a fashionable summer resort.

W. G. ALLISON, Probate Judge, was born at Franklin, Johnson Co., Ind., June 25, 1840. He learned the trade of printer there, and followed that occupation for some years. On July 1, 1861, he enlisted in Company F, Seventh Indiana Volunteer infantry, serving until the close of the war. Returning to his home in Indiana, he again followed the printing business and also read law for several years. In March, 1871, he came to Kansas, located at Iola, and in company with others, published the Iola Register until early in 1876. In the fall of 1875 he was elected Probate Judge, entering upon the duties of the office in January, 1876; he was re-elected in 1877, 1879 and 1881. Judge Allison is a leading member of G. A. R. McCook Post No. 51, and was commander of the post during 1882.

ANDERSON & DE CLUTE, dealers, in clothing, books and shoes, etc. This firm is composed of William W. Anderson and C. H. De Clute. They are natives of Coldwater, Mich., where they had a large experience in this branch of trade. In October, 1879, coming to Kansas, they located in Iola, and engaged in their present business with a stock of $2,000. They have a large and constantly increasing trade, to supply the demands of which they now carry a stock valued at $8,000. This firm have a fine store room in the Iola Opera House Block, and are members of the Opera House Association, Mr. De Clute being secretary of that body, and Mr. C. M. Charlotte treasurer.

G. W. APPLE, photographer, was born in Claremont County, Ohio, in 1828. Four years later his parents moved to Marion County, Ind., where he was reared on a farm. In 1847 he enlisted in the Fourth Ohio Infantry and served through the Mexican War, after which he learned the trade of chair-maker at Dayton, and followed that occupation until 1851, when he went to California and there engaged in mining pursuits. In 1857 he began the study of photography in San Francisco, and three years later went to Mexico and engaged in his profession. Early in 1862 he returned to Indiana. During the War of the Rebellion he followed the army, in the capacity of a photographer, until the surrender of Vicksburg, December, 1863, when he returned home and opened a gallery at Indianapolis. He came to Iola, Kan., in December, 1867, and at once established a photograph gallery. He has been very successful and has accumulated considerable property. Mr. Apple was for six years member of the City Council and Mayor of Iola for one year.

JOHN W. BALE, farmer and dealer in live stock, Section 18, P. O. Humboldt, was born in Hart County, Ky., in 1844, and during his youth assisted his father in farming. On September 15, 1861, he enlisted in the Fifteenth Kentucky Volunteer Infantry; he was wounded in the right hand at the battle of Chickamauga, and served until January 17, 1865. In April, 1867, he came to Kansas, resided for a few months in Leavenworth, and in October came to Allen County, locating of this farm, which consists of eighty acres well improved. He also has 172 acres in Humboldt Township and has for the past twelve years been largely engaged in buying and shipping live stock, is also an extensive raiser of cattle, etc. Mr. Bale was for eighteen months Deputy under Sheriff Hodson, of this County. He is an active member of the A., F. & A. M., and is one of the officers of Valley Chapter, at Humboldt. He was married in Hart County, Ky., October 29, 1866, to Amanda Defever. They have a family of two children, James W. and Frank F.

T. M. BARTELS, dealer in groceries, queens ware, etc., was born in Muskingum County, Ohio, September 14, 1850. He resided for some years in Bureau County, Ill., and in July, 1860, came to Kansas with his father, Christian B., whom he assisted in farming in Iola Township. In 1873 he moved to the city of Iola and engaged in the harness and saddlery business, in company with his brother, William L. Bartels, with whom he continued for about two years. He then engaged in his present business, in partnership with E. Richards, who retired from the firm two years afterward. Mr. B. has a large trade and carries a stock worth $2,000.

WILLIAM L. BARTELS, manufacturer and dealer in harness, saddlery, etc., was born in Muskingum County, Ohio, in 1842. At eight years of age he removed with his parents to Bureau County, Ill., where he worked afterward at the harness-maker's trade. In the spring of 1860 he came to Kansas and located at Humboldt. In September, 1861, he enlisted in Company G. Ninth Kansas Cavalry, serving until January 16, 1865, after which he followed agricultural pursuits in Iola Township for about five years. In 1870 he returned to Humboldt and was employed as a harness-maker until 1875, when he came to Iola and embarked in the business on his own account, following it for six years. For sixteen months he was engaged in the grocery business, and in January, 1883, he again began the manufacture of harness, etc. He carries a stock of about $2,000, and has the leading trade in that line. In April, 1881, he was elected Mayor of the City of Iola, and is an active member of the Masonic fraternity.

BEATTY BROTHERS, undertakers and dealers in furniture. This firm is composed of J. T. and D. R. Beatty. They are natives of Canada, and when young, their parents removed to California, where both followed sheep farming for about ten years. In January, 1878, they came to Allen County, Kas., and followed agricultural pursuits in Osage Township. In June, 1879, they moved to Iola, and for a year, conducted a meat market, after which they built their handsome brick and stone store-building, and embarked in this business. They began with a stock of $1,000, and business has increased until they now carry $3,000 to $4,000, to supply the demands of their trade. J. T. Beatty is a member of the City Council.

A. W. BECK, dealer in agricultural implements, grain, etc., was born in Crawford County, Ohio, in 1845. At the age of seventeen years, he began business life, as a clerk, at Sandusky, being engaged in that capacity for three years. For a time he carried on the livery business at Crestline, in the same State. In May, 1870, he came to Kansas, locating a few months later at Iola, where he engaged in general speculation, until 1872, when he embarked in the grocery business. Two years later, he added a stock of drugs, and two year after disposed of his business interest and located on a farm in Elm Township, where he was engaged in stock raising, until March, 1882. For the past ten years he has been engaged in the grain business, and in the winters of 1876 and 1877, he also carried on an extensive coal trade at Iola. In 1875, he embarked in the implement business, and carries a stock of from $3,000 to $4,000 of all kinds of farming machinery, wagons, buggies, etc. Mr. Beck still owns a fine farm consisting of eighty acres.

DR. C. H. BOULSON, homoeopathist, was born in Germany, in 1832, and at the age of fourteen years, immigrated with his parents to Jackson, N. J., where he assisted his father in blacksmithing. At the age of twenty years, he began the study of medicine, with Dr. Richmond, of Melville, with whom he remained three years, and afterward attended Hahnemann Medical College at Philadelphia, where he graduated in 1859. The Doctor practiced in Pittsburgh, PA., for about ten years, at Booneville, Ind., for three years, and had charge of mineral springs at Ottawa, Ill., until April, 1877, when he removed to Kansas, located at Iola, and has continued to practice with good success. On account of his immense practice, he has lately admitted his son, James C., as an assistant.

BRINKERHOFF BREWSTER, deceased, was born in Wayne County, N. Y., in 1834, where he was employed in mercantile pursuits. He came to Kansas in the fall of 1857, located in Geneva, Allen County, where he remained for about a year, returning to New York. In 1860, he again located in Iola, Allen County, and engaged in the mercantile business, also opening an Indian trading post at Osage mission. About 1876, he disposed of his merchandise business and opened a loan and real estate business, which he carried on through an agent. Mr. B. returned to Wayne County, N. Y., where he resided for some eight years, returning to Iola in 1876, after traveling two years for his health. He died at Canon City, Col., February 15, 1878 and was buried in his native State. Mr. B. was married at Iola, June 26, 1864, to Maria L., daughter of John M. Cowan, an early settler of this State. His widow and children occupy a pleasant residence, north of Iola.

DANIEL C. BRUBAKER, of D. C. Brubaker & Son, dealers in general groceries, was born in Champaign County, Ohio, in 1818, where, for some years after reaching the age of manhood, he carried on a farm, then engaged in same capacity in Wabash County, Ind., for several years, and for six years in La Salle County, Ill. He came to Allen County, Kas., in September, 1859, pre-empted 160 acres in Iola Township, and opened up a farm on which he resided some twelve years. In 1872, he moved to the town of Iola, and embarked in grocery business, continuing it for two years, and during that period he engaged in the livery business, which he conducted about four years, after which he again gave his attention to agricultural pursuits, for about two years. In the fall of 1882, he erected a fine brick and stone building at Iola, and in the spring of 1883, engaged in his present business in company with his son, Lemar H. Brubaker. They carry a nice stock of about $2,000. During the late war, Mr. B. was for three years Wagon Master in the First United States Indian Regiment.

J. J. CASMIRE, of the firm of J. J. Casmire & Son, dealers in hardware, stoves and tin-ware. Mr. Casmire was born in Germany in 1835, and when eight years of age his parents immigrated to Ohio. He learned the tinners trade at Ravenna Portage Co., Ohio and followed it in that State and Illinois, as a journeyman. In the spring of 1865, he came to Iola, Kansas, and engaged in the hardware business in partnership with F. F. Meister with whom he continued for five years. In 1872 he was joined by W. M. Hartman, whose interest he purchased some eight or nine years later, and took into partnership his son, B. A. Casmire. This is the oldest established hardware house in the city of Iola. The firm do an extensive business and carry a stock of $6,000. Both members of the firm are practical tinners, the senior having had thirty-three years experience.

HON. JOHN A. CHRISTY, Justice of the Peace, was born in Fleming County, Ky., in 1812 and was reared on a farm. In 1831 he went to Illinois and served one year in the Black Hawk war. Returning to Kentucky he followed agricultural pursuits for eighteen years. During his residence there he was Sheriff of Fleming County two years, Constable two years, and Captain of Militia seven years. Returning to Illinois he followed agricultural pursuits in Hancock and Grundy counties, and for four years was Justice of the Peace in the latter named county. In May, 1860, he came to Allen County, Kansas, and located in Deer Creek Township, where he was engaged in farming and stock raising. In 1867, he moved to Wyandotte County, where he resided on a farm and was Justice of the Peace for four years. In 1871 he returned to his Allen County farm, and in 1879 removed to the city of Iola. Mr. Christy owns 320 acres of improved land and is quite extensively engaged in stock raising. In 1864 he was elected to represent his district in the State Legislature, and was instrumental in locating the county seat at Iola. He has held the office of Justice of the Peace in this county for five years and was Police Judge one term.

BENJAMIN FRANKLIN CLARK, farmer, Section 5, P. O. Iola, was born in Switzerland County, Ind., in 1839, and reared on a farm. He came to Allen County in March, 1858, and located on Rock Creek, where he farmed with his father, John Clark. Shortly after the outbreak of the war he enlisted in the Second Kansas Infantry, but was not mustered, and on September 30, 1861, he was mustered into the Third Kansas, afterwards transferred to the Fifth Kansas Infantry. He served about three years, after which he again gave his attention to agricultural pursuits in the county. In 1869 he removed to Neosho County where he continued farming until in the spring of 1882, when he returned to Allen County, and located on this farm. Mr. Clark raises considerable cattle and hogs, and has a nice farm of 160 acres, well improved. He was married in Allen County, December 27, 1864, to Emina J. Castator, and they have a family of four children.

REV. THEODORE C. COFFEY, pastor of the First Baptist Church, was born in Monroe County, Ind., November 11, 1847. He was prepared for college at Ladoga (Ind.) Seminary, in which he taught one year. Then entered Shurtleff College, Upper Alton, Ill., where he graduated as Bachelor of Arts in 1871, and then as Bachelor of Divinity in 1874. Mr. Coffey was ordained in the Baptist ministry at Tuscola, Ill., where he became pastor in October, 1874. In 1875 he supplied the Upper Alton Baptist Church, and was pastor at Kirkwood, suburb of St. Louis, in 1876, and at Appleton, Wis., for more than two years. He came to Burlington, Kansas, in January, 1880, where he was pastor, and in December, 1880, came to Iola and entered upon his present duties.

JOSIAH F. COLBORN, retired merchant, was born in Noblesville, Ind., February 7, 1829, removing with his parents when quite young to Clay County, Ill., where he was reared on a farm. At the age of eighteen years he was apprenticed to the blacksmithing trade. In 1850 he crossed the plains to California where he remained two and a half years, employed in teaming, mining and working at his trade. Returning to Clay County, Ill., he embarked in mercantile business at Lewisville. Mr. Colborn came to Kansas October 24, 1857; located in Allen County and took up a claim (on this claim is now located the city of Iola); for a year he followed agricultural pursuits; then for a time conducted a blacksmith shop. In 1862 he engaged in mercantile business, following it as a clerk until the fall of 1865, when he engaged in general merchandise business in partnership with N. Hankins. Two years later he purchased his partner's interest and conducted the business alone until 1882, when he closed out. He is now engaged in building and improving his property, etc. Mr. Colborn was a member of the first Board of Supervisors of Allen County, and for the past three years has been Treasurer of Iola Township. He is a leading member of the Masonic fraternity in this county.

ROBERT COOK, breeder of registered Poland-China hogs, Section 35, P. O. Iola, was born in New Jersey, in 1826, and five years later his parents moved to Warren County, Ohio, where his father carried on a stock farm. In 1853, the subject of this sketch began breeding Poland-China hogs in that county and carried on an extensive business in that line, shipping his pigs to all parts of the United States. Also raised Short-horn cattle. He came to Iola Township, Allen County, in the fall of 1872, bringing with him a car load of fine stock, and at once established himself in the business. In the summer of 1873 he moved onto his present farm, about a half mile south of the town of Iola, where he has thirty-seven acres fitted up for breeding purposes. His place is called Mound Villa. Among his breeders are the famous females Kate Franklin, Kate Gilespie, Kate Gilespie Second, and Belle of Kansas; males, Star of Kansas, Cook's U. S. Ohio Second, and many others, all fine registered stock. He has also a fine herd of Short-horned cattle. Mr. Cook is doing a large business, shipping hogs for breeding purposes east, west, north and south. His hogs have taken many premiums at fairs in this State. Mr. Cook is an experienced breeder. He is a member of the Ohio Poland-China Record Association, and was one of the vice-presidents during 1881.

JAMES W. COUTANT, manager for S. A. Brown & Co., dealers in lumber, etc., was born in Ulster County, N. Y., December 4, 1833, and there he learned the carpenter's trade, and in 1856 he moved to Green Lake County, Wis., where he worked at his trade, and was also for a time at Natchez, Miss. In August, 1859, he came to Kansas and located at Fort Scott, and for twenty years carried on business as a contractor and builder. He was for four years a member of the Ft. Scott City Council, and also served one term as Assessor. In August, 1879, he came to Iola, and at once entered upon his present duties. During the Rebellion Mr. Coutant served in the Kansas State Militia. He is a prominent member of the A. O. U. W., and also of the K. of H.

W. A. COWAN, merchant, was born in Pulaski County, Ind., December 9, 1842, and reared on a farm. On June 21, 1860, he came to Allen County, Kansas with his father, John M. Cowan, who located in Iola. The subject of our sketch learned the trade of cabinetmaker, and followed that occupation for a livelihood. During the late war he served in the Kansas State Militia. In 1867 he engaged in the grocery business, continuing, however, in that line only for one year. Was then deputy-postmaster at this place for about twelve months, after which he was employed in the grocery business for four years. In 1873 he embarked in the grocery business in company with W. H. Richards. Six years later he sold out his interest in that firm and built a fine store building and engaged in business alone. He carries a fine stock of groceries and drugs and does a large trade. He is also agent for the Pacific Express Company. Mr. Cowan was Clerk of Iola Township for eight years, and a member of the City Council for a year.

W. A. CUMMINGS, proprietor of the Allen County real estate agency, was born at Howard, Parke County, Ind., November 23, 1855. Twelve years later his parents moved to Rockville, Ind., and in the fall of 1869 they came to Allen County, Kansas, locating on a farm at Carlyle. The subject of our sketch assisted in conducting the farm for some seven years. From 1876 to 1882 he taught in the public schools, in 1879 and 1880 reading law, at intervals, in Iola. In May, 1882, he purchased his present business. Mr. C., although comparatively a young man, is well liked in the community, and is building up quite a nice business. He acts as real estate, loan and insurance agent.

W. E. DAVIS & CO., proprietors of the Iola water mills. W. E. Davis, of this firm, was born in Marietta, Ohio, in 1839, and was reared at Ottumwa, Iowa, where his father was engaged in farming and milling. He came to Kansas in 1867, located in Allen County, near Iola, and engaged in milling in company with his father, E. S. Davis, and his brother George S. This firm ran a steam saw and grist mill. About 1876 the firm style changed to W. E. Davis & Co., composed of W. E. and George S. Davis, and Elias Bruner. In June, 1880, they built their present mills, one mile west of Iola. The mill runs two buhrs on wheat and one on corn, manufacturing about $8,000 pounds of flour per day and 150 bushels of cornmeal. The machinery is run by a wheel of fifty-four horse power, and they have an abundance of water. This firm have an excellent reputation for the flour they manufacture, and their principal brands, the Peerless, Standard, and Boss, are widely known throughout the surrounding counties. W. E. Davis attends principally to the outside business and to the conducting of the saw-mill. His brother, George S. Davis, is the practical miller of the concern. He was born at Marietta, Ohio, in March, 1845, and learned his business with his father at Ottumwa, Iowa, and here. Elias Bruner, the third member of the firm, is a practical engineer of many years' experience.

S. T. ELLIS, proprietor Iola livery and sale stables, was born in Knox County, Ohio, in 1834. He learned the trade of printer at Mount Vernon, that county, and in 1854 moved to Dane County, Wis. There he carried on a farm, and for a short time worked at his trade. Three years later he emigrated to Shelby County, Ill., where he followed agricultural pursuits. On November 10, 1868, he came to Allen County, Kan., located on a farm near Iola, and conducted it for six years. Removing to Iola, he carried on a meat market for four years, since which time he has been engaged in buying and selling horses, mules, etc. In July, 1881, he purchased his present stables. He does quite an extensive business, and has in his stables twelve to sixteen good roadsters.

JOHN EVERHART, of Richards & Everhart, contractors and builders, was born in Morrow County, Ohio, in 1833, where he learned the trade of cabinetmaker, and followed the trade as a journeyman in Steuben County, Ind., and Kane County, Ill. In August, 1861, he enlisted in Company I, Twenty-ninth Illinois Infantry, and served twenty-eight months. Mr. Everhart came to Iola, Kansas, in April, 1871, and has since been engaged in contracting for general building work. He has been associated with his present partner, John Richards, for about four years. Mr. E. is a fine workman, and has had many years' practical experience, both as a cabinetmaker and as a builder.

JESSE S. FAST, Register of Deeds, was born in Jefferson County, Ohio, in April, 1837. At the age of seventeen years he lost his left leg in a railroad accident. He was employed, previous to coming to this State, in teaching school, clerking, etc., in Ohio, Illinois, and Indiana. In November, 1868, he came to Kansas, located in Allen County, near Humboldt, and followed agricultural pursuits, also carried on quite extensive dairy business. He still owns his farm there, consisting of eighty acres, nicely improved. He was elected Register of Deeds in the fall of 1877, and entered upon the duties of the office in January, 1878. He was re-elected in 1879 and 1881.

GEORGE W. FRENCH, M. D., studied medicine at the Kentucky School of Medicine in 1856 and '57, and later at the Chicago Medical College, where he graduated in 1870. He has practiced in all about twenty-five years, being located in Franklin County, Illinois, Lincoln, Nebraska, Logansport, Indiana, and in Iola since the latter part of 1882. During the late Rebellion he was for eighteen months in the employ of the United States Military Government, as a surgeon, and is a physician of excellent reputation.

JOHN C. GORDON, attorney at law, was born near Monmouth, Warren Co., Ill., August 12, 1860, and came with his parents to Allen County, Kas., March 25, 1870. For five years he worked on the farm of his father, in Osage Township, Allen Co., Kas. In 1875 he commenced teaching school, and followed teaching for three years. In the year of 1878 he commenced reading law, and some time during the year 1879 he entered the office of Judge H. W. Talcott, and was admitted to practice in the District Courts of the State of Kansas at Iola, the 12th day of December, 1881, since which time he has followed his profession at this place with good success. Mr. Gordon was associated in the practice of his profession from the spring of 1881, until January 10, 1883, with J. H. Fisher, now Assistant County Attorney. Mr. Gordon is a charter member of the K. of P. Lodge of this place.

DR. WILLIAM SPINKS HENDRICKS, son of Rev. John Hendricks, was born in Randolph County, N. C., March 31, 1828. During his boyhood he was put to a trade. At the age of twenty-one he determined to obtain a more liberal education, and accordingly borrowed the money with which he took a two year academy course. In the year 1852 he moved to Henry County, Ind., making the entire distance on horseback and alone. For the two first years after reaching Indiana he taught school. In 1854 he began the study of medicine with Dr. Luther W. Hess, with whom he continued for two years. He then practiced for two and a half years at Markleville, in Madison Co., Ind. In June, 1858, he married Nancy Manzy, of Rush County, Ind., with whom he has lived up to the present time. From Madison County he moved to Blountsville, Henry Co., Ind., where he continued to practice for about twelve years. During the winters of 1858, '59 and '60 he took two courses of lectures at the Ohio Medical College, graduating in the spring of the latter year. The doctor came to Kansas in April, 1870, located at Iola, the county seat of Allen County, and at once opened an office for the practice of his profession. He was one of the first movers in the cause of temperance in this county, and is to-day an active supporter of prohibition. In 1874 he was nominated on the State Temperance ticket for Treasurer, and in 1880 on the Temperance ticket for Representative from his district. The doctor is a self-made man, a good physician, and of excellent moral character.

HENRY L. HENDERSON, of Henderson & Amrine, dealers in hardware, stoves, etc., was born in Wayne County, Ohio, in 1846, reared on a farm, and for a year taught school. He studied at the University of Wooster for several years and graduated in 1871; afterwards taught school in Vermillion Institute, Haysville, Ohio, for a year, and at the University of Wooster for the same length of time. In August, 1873, he came west to Allen County, Kan., taught for one year in the Geneva Academy, and was for a year principal of the Iola schools. In 1875 he went to California and remained for two years in Oakland teaching school. Returning in 1877 to Iola he was again principal of the public schools for a year. In 1878 he engaged in his present business with a stock of about $3,000. In August, 1882, he admitted to a partnership C. Amrine. The firm do a large business, carrying a fine stock of goods worth some $5,000, to supply the demands of their trade.

NIMROD HANKINS, stock-raiser, Section 4, P. O. Iola, was born in Vermillion County, Ill., March 1, 1831. He followed agricultural pursuits in McDonough and Fulton counties, Ill., until March, 1856, when he immigrated to Kansas. He located in Iola Township, Allen County, and followed farming. In October, 1861, he enlisted in Company E, Ninth Kansas Cavalry; in the spring of 1862 he was promoted to First Lieutenant, and served until June, 1865. After the war he was for about a year engaged in mercantile business at Iola, in partnership with J. F. Colborn, after which he moved on to his farm Section 4, Township 25, Range 18. He has 420 acres of improved lands, and is extensively engaged in raising and dealing in live stock. Mr. Hankins was married at Iola, Kan., November 1, 1866, to Elizabeth Case, daughter of Aaron Case, who came to Kansas long before it was thrown open for settlement; they have a family of four living children.

PROF. PLINY H. HARRIS, teacher, came to Kansas in the fall of 1877, located at Iola, Allen Co., and has ever since been prominently identified with the educational interests of the State. He has served as Superintendent and Principal of the Iola public schools ever since he came to the State. Has conducted county institutes in Chautauqua, Brown, Anderson and Woodson Counties. Is an active and influential member of the Kansas State Teachers' Association. Was mover of the resolution to appoint a committee on revision of the Kansas school laws, and served as chairman on that committee. Their report, at present writing, has not been acted upon. He is at the present time serving as special deputy grand chancellor at large, and instituting officer of Knights of Pythias. Was born in Hancock County, Ill., June 4, 1844; son of John and Sophia Harris. His mother's maiden name was Hatchett, and her father and two of her brothers were distinguished ministers of the Christian Church. Prof. Harris entered Abingdon College when only thirteen years of age. He taught his first school when sixteen years of age, and with the exception of eleven months spent in teaching, he attended Abingdon College from the time he entered until he graduated, June 30, 1865. Since his graduation he has taught in the graded schools of Illinois and Kansas. He also conducted seven county institutes in the State of Illinois, and was president of the Pike County Teachers' Association six years. He was at one time editor of the Beacon Educational Journal for two years. In addition to his other professional duties he was actively engaged in ministerial work for about six years in Illinois. Was ordained at Barry, Illinois, by Elder A. C. Lucas, and served two years as pastor of Barry Christian Church. He went to Texas in August, 1873, and while there was correspondent of the Chicago Tribune. He returned to Adams County, Ill., in February, 1875, and finally came to Kansas in the fall of 1877. He was married in Adams County, Ill., April 1867, to Maggie A. Doughty, daughter of Milton and Minerva Doughty. She is a native of Kentucky. By this union he has three children - Arthur Percy, Olive Lillian and Lulu Maud. He belongs to K. of P., I. O. O. F., A. F. & A. M., Knights of Honor, A. O. U. W. and U. O. A. T.

DANIEL HORVILLE, raiser and dealer in live stock, Section 28, P. O. Iola, was born in France in 1823, and immigrated to America in 1845. He located at Lexington, McLean Co., Ill., where he was engaged in mercantile pursuits. In the fall of 1856 he came to Kansas, and in the following spring pre-empted a claim in Iola Township, Allen County, and has since been engaged in agricultural pursuits. He moved on to his present farm, near the city of Iola, in 1860. Mr. Horville has in this county about 1,200 acres of land and is an extensive dealer in cattle, etc., and also raises large quantities of live stock. During the late Rebellion he served in the Kansas State Militia. He was a member of the Board of Commissioners of Allen County three consecutive terms of two years each. Mr. Horville is an active member of the A., F. & A. M. at this place, and is a member of Valley Chapter at Humboldt.

SAMUEL F. HUBBARD, deceased, was born in Wilkes County, N. C. He followed agricultural pursuits for some years, then moved to Tennessee, where he carried on general merchandise business for three years. In the spring of 1857 he came to Allen County and pre-empted 160 acres on Section 17, Iola Township, and was extensively engaged in agricultural pursuits and stock raising. Mr. Hubbard took an active part in the educational interest of his district and was for some years a member of the School Board. During the late Rebellion he served in the Kansas State Militia. He was married in Wilkes County, N. C., to Miss Parmelia C. Spencer, a native of that place. He died in Allen County, Kan., in February, 1870, leaving five children. His widow still resides on the old homestead and carries on the farm which consists of 360 acres. 

ALBERT G. JONES, stock-raiser, Section 20, P. O. Iola, was born in Green County, Wis., in 1844, and spent his youth on a farm adjoining the town of Decatur. He came to Allen County, Kan., with his father, William Jones, in May, 1860. In the year following his father located on this farm where he continued to reside until his death in November, 1871. The subject of our sketch always attended to the matters of the farm and is now the owner of the original land and home. He has 360 acres, and is extensively engaged in raising cattle, horses, etc. During the late war he enlisted, but was not mustered in on account of ill-health. He was, however, employed in the Quartermaster's department of a colored brigade in Arkansas for a year, and also served for some time in the Kansas State Militia. Mr. Jones was married at Iola in 1869, to Mattie M., daughter of Dr. John A. Hart. They have four children - Albert William, aged 13; Pearl, aged 11; Ruby, aged 5, and Roscoe C., aged 3. Mr. J. is an active member of the A., F. & A. M., and I. O. O. F., of Iola.

J. C. KELSO, farmer, Section 3, P. O. Iola, was born in Mineral County, West Virginia, in 1837, removing in 1853 or '54 to Roscoe County, Ohio, where he was employed in farming. On November 23, 1861, he enlisted in Company H, Seventy-third Ohio Infantry, and served three years and seven months, in the band of that regiment. In 1866 he moved to Iroquois, Ill., where he farmed two seasons. He came to Allen County, March 1, 1868, and located on a farm in Iola Township; for eleven years he followed agricultural pursuits, and also carried on a nursery. In 1879 he moved to Humboldt and for a time conducted a saw-mill. His mill is portable, and he saws in various places. The mill is now located four miles from the city of Humboldt. He employs some ten men, and manufactures about 5,000 feet of lumber per day. Mr. Kelso has a nice farm of ninety-seven acres, all well improved.

WILLIAM M. KNAPP, proprietor of the Iola Carriage Works, was born at Bellefontaine, Ohio, December 15, 1841, and there learned the trade of carriage painting from 1858 to 1861. In June, 1863, enlisted in Ninth Ohio Volunteer Cavalry and served twenty-six months, after which, in company with two other men, carried on a carriage factory at Bellefontaine, Ohio. In 1867 moved to Howell, Mich., and engaged in hardware business two years; 1869 moved to Muncie, Ind., and engaged five years with Miller Carriage Company of Bellefontaine, Ohio, having charge of the branch at Muncie, Ind.; 1875 went to Union City, engaged in carriage business one year, in bakery and grocery fifteen months; 1877, returned to Muncie, was in the drug business six months; in May, 1878, with Mr. William Kinsley, bought the Miller Carriage Company branch factory at Muncie, Ind., and engaged in carriage business: on February 21, 1882, moved their stock, machinery, etc., to Iola, Kan., and commenced business March 1, 1882. Mr. Kinsley died, April 20, 1882, and Mr. Knapp has since managed the business. The factory does a large and extensive business in southern Kansas, and makes a fine grade of first-class work only. Mr. Knapp has permanently located at Iola, and will make it his home for good. A description of the works will be seen in the county history.

R. H. KNIGHT, attorney, was born in Belmont County, Ohio, November 9, 1849. In 1864 he removed to Jefferson County, Iowa, where he was reared on a farm, and at the age of twenty-two years he began to read law with the Hon. D. P. Stubbs. He was admitted to the bar at Fairfield, in April, 1875, and at once opened an office at that place for the practice of his profession. In December, 1880, he came to Iola, Kan., and at once opened a law office. Although but a few years a resident of this place, he is rapidly acquiring an enviable reputation for success in his profession. He is a member of the Masonic fraternity.

OTTO KRUEGER, of Krueger & Gray, meat market and dealers in hides, etc., was born in Germany, April 6, 1845, and in 1851 his parents immigrated to La Salle County, Ill. In April, 1861, he enlisted in Company E, Thirty-seventh Illinois Infantry, and served four years and five months. He received a breast wound at the battle of Pea River, Ark. Mr. K. learned the butcher business in Chicago, Ill., where he served as an apprentice some three years, after which he followed the business in La Salle County, Ill., for nine years. In 1878 he came to Allen County, located in Deer Creek Township, and for three years followed agricultural pursuits. In September, 1882, he engaged in his present business, in partnership with H. P. Gray. This firm do a large business in their line. They manufacture hams and sausage, and pack considerable pork. They have fifteen acres of land west of the city, which they use for pasturing their live stock, and on which they have erected a slaughterhouse.

IRA B. LAWYER, farmer, Section 21, P. O. Iola, was born in Frederick County, Md., May 14, 1826. There he was employed for some five years in four mills, and for six years in Jefferson Flouring Mills, Clinton County, Ind. He came to Kansas in April, 1857, and located on his present farm. He has 134 acres of fine bottom land. Mr. Lawyer makes a specialty of raising live stock; he has quite a number of high graded cattle and Cotswold sheep. On his place is a very neat residence, and a good orchard of about eight acres. During the late war he served in the State Militia. Mr. Lawyer has been married three times. His first wife died without leaving any children. He was married a second time in Jefferson, Clinton Co., Ind., in 1857, to Mary E. Utz. She died in 1863, leaving one son, George W., and Mr. Lawyer was married again, in the fall of 1864, in Washington County, Ind., to Mrs. Redus, a widow formerly Mary A. Patton. They have two children - Franklin G. and Sarah E.

A. J. McCARLY, dealer in live stock, Section 25, P. O. Iola, was born in Jessamine County, Ky., in 1844, and when nine years of age accompanied his parents to McLean County, Ill., where he was employed in milling, etc. In May, 1860, his step-father, T. G. Whitelock, came to Allen County, Kan., and the subject of our sketch, and his brother, Lake McCarly, came with him. The brothers began to farm on their own account in 1863, since which time they have continued in partnership. They have two farms adjoining each other, one 120 acres and the other of eighty. A. J. resides on the former, and his brother on the latter, in Section 5. Both are well improved, and each has a nice residence, barn, orchards, etc. For the past twelve years they have been largely engaged in raising and dealing in cattle, etc. Lake McCarly was born in Jessamine County, Ky., August 17, 1846. Both brothers served in the Kansas State Militia during the war. A. J. McCarly was elected a member of the Board of Commissioners of Allen County in the fall of 1879, and re-elected in 1882.

JOHN M. McDONALD, farmer, Section 27, P. O. Iola, was born in McLean County, Ill., February 22, 1842, and in October, 1857, his father, James McDonald, came to Allen County and located on this farm. The subject of our sketch has always made this place his home, and given his attention to agricultural pursuits. His father died here, April 11, 1874. Mr. McD. Has 120 acres of land, all improved; has an orchard of four acres, and nice buildings on his place. He also raises considerable live stock. In October, 1861, he enlisted in the Ninth Kansas Cavalry, was appointed Sergeant of Company E, and served three years and ten months. He was elected Trustee of his township in the spring of 1881, and again in 1882. He is a charter member of the G. A. R. post at Iola, and is Q. M. of the same. Mr. McD. Was married at Iola, August 19, 1866, to Lavina A. Anderson, who came to Kansas with her parents in 1857. They have a family of three children.

CORNELIUS W. McNEIL, manager of L. L. Northrup's lumber yard, was born in Butler County, Ohio, Nov. 10, 1834; there he was reared on a farm, and also for some years carried on a farm for himself. In 1871 he moved to Pettis County, Mo., where he was employed in a lumber yard, and also conducted a farm for some seven years. He came to Kansas March 1, 1879, locating on a farm in Allen County, near Iola, where for two years he followed agricultural pursuits. He then moved into the town of Iola, and has since been engaged in his present capacity. He still owns his farm, which consists of eighty acres all well improved. Mr. McNeil is master workman, of lodge of the A. O. U. W. at this place.

REV. E. SMITH MILLER, pastor of the First Presbyterian Church, was born in Jennings County, Ind., in 1846. Six months after his parents moved to Johnson County, where he was reared on a farm. He received his preparatory education in Hopewell Academy. In 1868 he entered Hanover College, graduating in 1873. Mr. Miller was Superintendent of the Public Schools at North Vernon, Ind., for two years. In 1875 he entered the Union Theological Seminary at New York City, and graduated in the spring of 1878. He came to Iola, Kan., in June, 1878, and took charge of the church of which he is still the pastor.

H. M. MILLER, undertaker and dealer in furniture, was born in Mansfield, Ohio, in August, 1838. At the age of sixteen years he went to Iowa, and there worked as a carpenter and cabinet maker, also taught school. Returning home in 1861, he enlisted on September 3, in Company E, Third Ohio Cavalry. Nine months later he was promoted to First Lieutenant, and appointed assistant commissary of musters, serving in that capacity until 1864, when he was appointed military conductor on the United States railroads of the army of the Tennessee. He was mustered out in 1865. After the war he came west and located in Bates County, Mo., where he was employed at his trade and in teaching school until 1873, when he went to Adelphi, Ind., where he was employed as a cabinet maker for five years. In June, 1878, he came to Iola, Kan., and engaged in his present business with a stock of $1,200, which has since been increased to $5,000, to supply the demands of his trade.

EDWIN P. MINOR, farmer, Section 36, Town 24, Range 18, P. O. Iola, was born in Huron County in 1831, and was reared in Hartford and New Haven counties, Conn. Returning to Ohio at the age of seventeen years, he learned the carpenter trade in Lorain County, and also worked in saw mills. He came to Kansas in the fall of 1856, and for months worked at his trade in Lawrence, after which he moved eleven miles south of that city and conducted a farm. In the fall of 1859 he moved to Eureka, Greenwood County, where he followed agricultural pursuits. On July 11, 1861, he enlisted in the Third Kansas Regiment; was afterward transferred to the Fifth Kansas Cavalry, serving three years and one month. Returning to Lorain County, Ohio, he became employed in the saw-mills of that locality, and was also for two years in the oil regions of Pennsylvania. In 1870 he returned to Kansas, and located at Iola, and carried on business as a contractor and builder. In the fall of 1878 he moved on to his present farm. He has eighty acres, seventy of which are under cultivation. Mr. Minor was married in Lorain County, Ohio, in 1854, to Laura Clark, a native of that place. They have a family of three living children.

L. L. NORTHRUP was born in Geneseo, N. Y., April 12, 1819. He learned the woolen manufacturing business, and in 1840, engaged in the business on his own account, at Albion, N. Y.; in 1846, was burned out and removed to Lafayette, Ind., and two years later removed to Thorntown, Ind., where he continued in the woolen manufacturing business until 1858, when he sold out his factory. At the earnest solicitations and representations of the Union Settlement Company, a company who had selected a large body of land in northwest corner of Allen County, Kan., and laid off a half section of land into lots, and called it Geneva, he was induced to bring on a stock of goods and saw mill to that place after Iola was laid out. He started a branch store there, and removed to that place in 1862; in 1869, closed out his branch store at Geneva; in 1877 took in his son, O. P. Northrup, as partner in the store, under the style, O. P. Northrup & Co. In 1869, he engaged in banking, and is now doing a large and extensive business. He has also a lumber yard at Iola and at Yates Center, Woodson County, and has several thousand acres of land in the county.

S. P. OVERMYER & SON, contractors and builders. This firm is composed of S. P. and J. S. Overmyer. The father came to Iola, Kan., in April, 1879, established this business and the following year was joined by his son. They do the largest business in their line at this place; have built the opera house here, besides many of the leading business houses and fine residences. S. P. Overmyer is a native of Lycoming County, Penn., and learned the carpenter trade in Juniata County that State. He has had forty-seven years experience as a practical builder and carpenter. The son learned his trade at Williamsport, and has followed it for some fifteen years; both are thorough mechanics, and stand well with the community.

M. W. POST (deceased), was born in the State of New Jersey, in May, 1834; reared in Western Virginia, and also for a time resided in the States of Illinois and Ohio. In the spring of 1856, he came to Kansas, being engaged in the United States Government Survey. In the spring of 1861, he pre-empted 160 acres in Iola Township, Allen County, and opened up a farm. Early in 1861, he enlisted in Company E, Ninth Kansas Cavalry, and served three years and six months, after which he devoted himself entirely to the management of his farm. Mr. Post was married in Iola, Allen Co., Kan., April 8, 1858, to Miss Susan E. Terrill. He died here in February, 1881, leaving five children - Henry E., Minnie A., Edna E., Sarah E. and Bennie Ellen. His widow still continues the farm, residing on eighty acres on Section 22.

HUGH L. W. REAGAN, farmer, Sections 28 and 29, P. O. Iola, was born in Polk County, Mo., December 4, 1836, and reared on a farm in Barry County. He came to Kansas, August 18, 1854, resided in Linn County, and in June, 1855, moved to Allen County. He pre-empted 160 acres of land on the Neosho River, and was employed in general farm work. He enlisted October 19, 1861, in Company D, Ninth Kansas Cavalry. Was mustered out December 22, 1864.

W. H. RICHARDS, senior member of the firm of Richards, Lakin & Ireland, dealers and jobbers in groceries, etc., was born in Lebanon County, Pa., in 1833, and was reared in Franklin County, where he learned the carpenter's trade. This trade he followed in Maryland, Virginia, Ohio and Illinois. In October, 1865, he came to Iola, Kan.; for a year he followed his trade and then opened a bakery and restaurant and carried on this business for three years; about 1870 he embarked in the grocery business in company with W. A. Cowan with whom he continued for about seven years. About one year later he became associated with his present partner C. A. Lakin and John E. Ireland, and Mr. Richards first began business with a stock of $200, and has by industry and energy accumulated considerable property and built up a large and extensive trade, and is building a residence which when completed will cost $10,000. The present firm carry a stock of about $5,000. The subject of this sketch has been a member of the City Council for four terms; he is a prominent Odd Fellow and is treasurer of that lodge at Iola.

W. H. RICKETTS, dealer in groceries, queens ware and tin ware, was born in Coshocton, Ohio, November 29, 1843. He resided with his parents in the States of Illinois, Indiana and Missouri. In 1861, he removed to Franklin County, Kan., with his father, whom he assisted in farming. On August 21, 1862, he enlisted in Company C, Twelfth Kansas Infantry, and served three years, afterward farmed for one year, then traveled four years for patent rights. In 1870, he moved to Wilson County, where he farmed for two years, after which he traveled in the patent right business two years. He then went to Independence where he was employed in the lumber yard of S. A. Brown & Co., until the spring of 1876, when he took the road as traveling salesman for a marble firm, at Leavenworth. In September, 1881, he located at Iola, conducted a billiard hall for four months, then embarked in his present business. He has a good trade and carries a $1,000 stock.

JOSEPH HARVEY RICHARDS was born near Gosport, Ind., April 7, 1844. His father, Rezin Richards, and mother, Elizabeth Fane Richards, were brought to that State by their parents when children, in the first settlement in that part of the country. His paternal grandmother was a member of the Harlan family, of Kentucky and Virginia, of whom Senator Harlan, of Iowa, is also one. His maternal grandmother was a member of the Newell family, of Kentucky, of whom Col. William Newell, of the Revolutionary army, was the sire. His paternal grandfather was a descendant of a prominent Welsh family, and died in early life. His maternal grandfather, Jesse Evans, was one of the very first settlers of Western Indiana, and though altogether self-made, was a grand character, and contributed much to the building up of that State and her splendid institutions. The subject of this sketch was reared on a farm until about the beginning of the War of the Rebellion, when his parents had just moved into the town of Waveland, Ind., the seat of Waveland Collegiate Institute, for the purpose of educating their children. Here he attended school until the spring of 1862, when, having got the "war fever," and being hardly old or large enough to enlist, wandered out to Carlyle, Allen Co., Kas., where he remained until the fall of that year, and thence went to Illinois, whither his parents had moved in the meantime. Here, after working for his father on the farm until the latter part of the year 1863, he enlisted into the One Hundred and Twenty-fourth Illinois Volunteer Infantry. He served faithfully with his regiment from Vicksburg to New Orleans, from New Orleans to Mobile, and the siege of Spanish Fort; thence to Montgomery, Ala.; thence to Meridian, Miss.; and was in all the engagements of that campaign. At this point, his regiment's time having expired, he, with others, was transferred to the Thirty-third Illinois Infantry, and was finally mustered out with this regiment about the 1st of October, 1865. He then returned to his alma mater, Waveland College, for the purpose of completing his course. He graduated from this College in the class of 1868. Thence he went to the city of Crawfordsville, Ind., and pursued the study of law with Gen. Lew Wallace, who was then in the active practice at that place. Thence, early in 1869, he went to Lafayette, Ind., and completed his law course under the tutorage of Judge Samuel Huff, and in the fall of that year began the active practice of his practice with his uncle, Andrew J. Evans, at the Delphi bar. His health becoming much impaired about this time, he made arrangements to come back to Allen County, Kas. He married and brought with him to Kansas, Laura Lois Lakin, of Greencastle, Ind., a woman of much more than ordinary intellect, education and refinement, and a pupil of Oxford (Ohio) Female Seminary, and a graduate of the same class with him from Waveland College. Making his residence in Iola, Kas., his present home, in 1870, he directly entered into the practice of the law, and has gradually built up a large and lucrative business. He is a conscientious lawyer; makes it a rule of practice to discourage litigation, take no bad cases, but fight to the last such as he does espouse. He lays no claim to either a dazzling brilliance on the one hand, nor great profundity upon the other; but he is fairly entitled to the well-earned reputation of being an able advocate, safe counselor, close reasoner, and ready debater. He is no politician, and has no political ambition or aspiration. He has never been a candidate for political honors, and has little faith in politics or political parties. If he has ambition it is in the line of his profession. When he first began the practice in Kansas he was defeated for the office of Probate Judge by five votes. He was a few years after that elected by an overwhelming majority to the office of County Attorney, which office he filled to the expiration of his term and declined to be a candidate for re-election. He has occupied the position of Alderman, Mayor, or City Attorney of Iola most of the time since his residence there. He is now assistant attorney for the St. L., Ft. S. & W. R. R., and general solicitor of the Nebraska, Topeka, Iola & Memphis R. R., which last road he organized, and is at this time, together with other citizens of Iola, and of Chicago and Philadelphia, engaged in constructing. He was also influential in building the first-named road and locating it upon its present route. He is officially connected with several other new railroads of Kansas and generally identified with the railroad interests of the State. He is one of the attorneys of the Historic Settlers' Protective Association, familiarly known as the "Land League" of Southeastern Kansas, and referred to in another part of this work. He is attorney for the famous Neosho Valley Land Agency, also referred to in another part of this work, which he and George A. Bowlus, who has been with him in all his enterprises, organized in 1876. He takes great pride in his town, county and State, and contributes freely to build them up. He is in every sense a builder and opposed to tearing down. He is a member of the Masonic order, and whilst that is probably the exponent of his religious creed, he is a believer in all the fundamental principles of the Christian religion. He has good law and literary libraries, and loves to read them. He wields a strong, swift pen and is fond of literary exercises, being prominent in all local literary exercises. His family consists of his wife, mentioned above, and two bright and promising children, a boy and a girl, Ralph and Rena. They have a cheerful, hospitable home, and their neighbors and friends often gather there to spend a pleasant hour.

CYRUS M. SIMPSON, Postmaster, was born at Rockville, Parke Co., Ind., December 9, 1844. In April, 1859, he came to Allen County, Kan., and located with his father, Prof. Mathew A. Simpson, on Deer Creek. In October, 1861, he enlisted in Company H, Ninth Kansas Cavalry, serving until January 16, 1865. During a portion of this period he was Company Clerk, and was also employed in the Quartermaster's office. After the war, he followed agricultural pursuits for three years, and in the fall of 1868, engaged in business at Iola, as dealer in general merchandise, continuing until the spring of 1871, when he sold out. Shortly afterward he was appointed Deputy Clerk of the District Court. In the fall of 1872, he was elected Clerk of the Court, and was re-elected in 1874 and 1876. During a portion of this period he read law and was admitted to the bar January 25, 1879, and practiced for two years in partnership with J. H. Richards. He was appointed Postmaster in March 7, 1877. He was elected to the City Council for three terms. Mayor of the city once, and was also City Attorney for nearly two years. He is a prominent member of the I. O. O. F. and G. A. R.

JAMES SIMPSON, contractor and builder (retired), was born in England, October 22, 1824; there he learned the carpenter trade, and followed that occupation as a journeyman. In 1849, he immigrated to Rochester, N. Y.; was for a year employed at his trade, then engaged in same capacity at St. Louis, Mo., for eighteen months; removing to Jacksonville, Ill., he carried on business as a contractor and builder for three years, and then in same business at Decatur, Ill. Mr. Simpson came to Kansas in July, 1869, located at Iola, and engaged in the boot and shoe business, which he carried on for about two years, since which time he has not been actively engaged in business. He owns considerable property in Iola, and his wife has for over ten years been carrying on a large millinery establishment. Mr. S. is a prominent member of the Masonic fraternity; he is deputy district grand-master of the I. O. O. F., at this place, and has for several years been Street Commissioner for the city of Iola.

G. SMITH, SON & CO., proprietors of the Iola Lock and Novelty Works. George Smith, the senior member of this firm was born in Staffordshire, England. For seven years he worked as an apprentice to the trade of machinist and locksmith, after which he followed it as a journeyman in the principal cities of England. In 1861, he immigrated to America; was employed at his trade in New York, Connecticut and other States, and in 1869, opened a lock manufactory and brass foundry in New York City. On account of increasing the size of his works, he moved, in 1872, to Brooklyn. His business still enlarging, he moved, in 1874, up the Hudson River to Nyack, where he continued to carry on a very large business until burned out in 1879. Shortly after he moved to Kansas City, carried on a lock factory for two years, and in October, 1882, came to Iola. He at once established this business in partnership with his son Joseph. They have a large building and ample facilities to carry on an extensive lock manufactory and brass foundry. A description of their works may be found in the county history.

HON. R. B. STEVENSON, dealer in drugs, etc., was born in Guernsey County, Ohio, in 1843, and at the age of eleven years moved to Iowa, with his father, who conducted hotels in various parts of that State. In 1864, he was employed in the sutlers' (sic) department of the Forty-seventh Iowa Infantry. He was also employed for three years as clerk in the post-office at Ottumwa, Iowa, and clerked in the mercantile business. In the fall of 1870, he came to Iola, and for fourteen months carried on a news stand in the post-office. In the fall of 1871, he was elected Register of Deeds, and served two years. In 1874, he embarked in the drug business, and is now the oldest established druggist in the city. He carries a fine stock of drugs, books, notions, etc., and has an extensive trade. He was elected to represent his district in the State Legislature in the fall of 1880. Mr. Stevenson is an active, enterprising man, not withstanding the fact that he is a cripple, having lost his left leg in 1858, by an accident in a steam grist mill.

TINDALL S. STOVER, County Clerk, was born in Hancock County, Me., January 18, 1844. His father was a sea captain, and he made several voyages with him. In February, 1863, he enlisted in Company D, Thirty-first Maine Volunteer Infantry, serving until the war closed. Mr. Stover came to Kansas, September 1, 1866, was for a year employed as a clerk in mercantile business, at Leavenworth, then came to Allen County, locating in Humboldt; was employed in the capacity of clerk in a store, until in 1869, when he formed a partnership with W. W. Curdy, and embarked in the general merchandise business; this firm dissolved some two years later, and Mr. S. assisted in organizing the Humboldt Manufacturing Co., and occupied the positions of secretary and treasurer, until in 1873, after which he was employed in mercantile pursuits. In November, 1875, he was elected Clerk of the County, entering upon the duties of his office in January, 1876. He was re-elected in 1877-79, and in 1881. Mr. Stover is a prominent member of the Masonic order, and one of the leading men in G. A. R., McCook Post No. 51.

HON. HENRY W. TALCOTT, Judge of the Seventh Judicial District of Kansas, was born in Valparaiso, Porter Co., Ind., in February, 1839. His father, William C. Talcott, was proprietor of a weekly paper, and the subject of this sketch learned the trade of printer, and for some months published the Valparaiso Republican. His father was also a lawyer. Young Talcott studied under his guidance, and was admitted to the bar in 1860, after which he gave his attention to the practice of law. On June 19, 1861, he enlisted in the Thirteenth Indiana Volunteer Infantry and was assigned to a position as musician in the regimental band. Shortly afterward he was detailed by Col. R. S. Foster to perform a portion of the duties of adjutant, which position he filled until August, 1862, when he was mustered out with the band. On his return to Valparaiso, he was appointed Deputy Clerk of the Circuit Court of his district, which position he filled for five years. During about three years also of that period he was Deputy Collector of the United States Internal Revenues. During the time of the "Military Draft" he was enrolling officer for Porter County. The judge came to Kansas in March, 1868, locating at Iola, and at once opened an office for the practice of his profession. In partnership with Nelson F. Acers, in July of that year, he purchased the Allen County Courant. In 1869 the law firm dissolved and the judge purchased his partner's interest in the paper and continued to publish the same until the spring of 1871, when he disposed of it and gave his sole attention to the practice of law. In the fall of 1873 he was elected Railroad Assessor for the Seventh Judicial District; but the office was shortly afterward abolished. Judge Talcott was appointed to his present position by Governor Osborn in January, 1875, to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of the Hon. John R. Goodin, who had been elected Representative to the United States Congress. He was elected to the same office in the fall of that year, and re-elected in the fall of 1879.

E. J. THAYER, of Waters & Thayer, proprietors of the Elevator Mills, was born at Chelsea, Vt., in 1840. At the age of fourteen years he removed to Clinton County, Ohio, where he was employed in grist mills and at general farm work. In August, 1861, he enlisted in Company D, Thirty-ninth Illinois Infantry. He was promoted from Orderly Sergeant to Captain in 1864, and was mustered out January 16, 1866. In June of the same year he came to Kansas and located in Bourbon County, where he followed agricultural pursuits until 1878, when he came to Iola. He at once purchased a building and put in milling and elevator machinery. In September, 1881, he admitted his present partner, H. Waters. They do quite an extensive business in their custom flouring mills, and also deal in grain, coal, etc.

DR. S. TOZER, dentist, was born in Cheshire County, N. H., in 1832. There he learned the jeweler's trade and gradually merged into the practice of dentistry. In 1846 he moved to Pike County, Ill., where he engaged in the same business. Early in 1849, he moved to St. Louis, Mo., and there studied surgery. In the spring of 1850 he went to California, where he was engaged in ranching and also practiced dentistry. Nine years later he returned to Illinois, where he carried on an extensive farm in Macon County. The doctor came to Kansas in September, 1866, and six weeks later located in Iola, where he has since practiced his profession. He owns twenty-five acres of land near town, and raises live-stock. His wife has quite an extensive green-house and is widely known in the county for raising all kinds of flowers and exotic plants. The doctor is the oldest resident dentist in the place. He is a member of the Kansas State Dental Association, and was for several terms a member of the City Council of Iola.

KONRAD J. WEITH, blacksmith and wagon shop, was born in Peoria County, Ill., February 25, 1849. Learned the trade of blacksmith at Pekin, Ill., and followed that occupation for a livelihood. He came to Kansas in 1870, located at Iola, worked for a few months as a journeyman blacksmith, and in 1871 embarked in his present business. Mr. W. has the oldest establishment of this kind in Iola; he is an experienced blacksmith, having worked at the trade some seventeen years. In the wagon shop he employs an experienced mechanic, and is doing a large business.

HON. DAVID WORST, Sheriff, was born in Lancaster County, Pa., September 30, 1837, and reared on a farm. At the age of twenty-six years he removed to Ashland County, Ohio, and farmed for a year. Then two years in Seneca County, after which he moved west to Illinois, and for four years followed agricultural pursuits in Cumberland County. In 1871 he immigrated to Redwood County, Minn., where he was extensively engaged in farming, raising stock, etc. In the fall of 1876 he was elected to the Minnesota State Legislature. Mr. Worst came to Allen County, Kas., in September, 1878. He located in Elm Township, and has been engaged in farming. He has a good farm consisting of 160 acres. The subject of this sketch was elected to his present office in the fall of 1881, and entered upon the duties of the same in January, 1882.

A. E. WRIGHT, dealer in groceries, queens ware, etc., was born in Ashtabula County, Ohio, December 15, 1841, and was reared on a farm. During the war of the Rebellion he was in company with several others largely engaged in shipping live stock from Chicago, and after the close of the war carried on a farm in Huron County, Ohio, and also dealt in live stock. In the spring of 1869 he came to Allen County, Kas., and followed agricultural pursuits in Elm Township for about nine years. For three years he held the office of Township Trustee. In March, 1879, he purchased his present business from Messrs. Briggs & Thrall and is gradually building up a good trade. He is an active member of the A. O. U. W.

GEORGE W. ZIKE, dealer in general groceries, was born in Morgan County, Ill., January 7, 1850. In December, 1859, his parents came to Kansas, locating in Elm Creek Township, Allen County, where the subject of this sketch assisted them on the farm. In the spring of 1864 he enlisted in Company I, Sixteenth Kansas Cavalry, and served nineteen months. Returning home he took up a homestead adjoining his parents' farm, and followed agricultural pursuits till the spring of 1880, when he sold his farm and moved to the city of Iola. In January, 1881, he engaged in grocery business. He carries a stock of about $1,000 and has quite a nice trade. Mr. Zike was married in Allen County, Kas., July 18, 1875, to Mary E. Swap. They has one son, Luther William. 

JOSEPH D. CARTER, farmer and stock raiser, Section 28, P. O. Iola, was born in Rush County, Ind., May 30, 1835, where he followed agricultural pursuits. In November, 1866, he came to Kansas, located in Allen County, Elm Township, and has since followed farming and stock raising. In March, 1875, he moved onto his present farm. He has here forty acres and eighty acres in another farm. He has on his place a fine orchard and maple grove. Mr. Carter raises considerable live stock and is gradually branching out into breeding Short-horn cattle. He was married in Morgan County, Ind., November 7, 1854, to Lucinda Hamilton. They have three children. 

JOHN J. BLACK, farmer, Section 12, P. O. Iola, was born in Licking County, Ohio, August 5, 1834, and was reared in Illinois. His father was a farmer. The subject of our sketch also resided for several years in Marion County, Iowa. He came to Allen County in the fall of 1857, and pre-empted 160 acres in the township, on which he resided some fifteen years, after which he moved on to his present farm, which consists of sixty-seven and one-half acres of fine bottom land, nearly all of which is cultivated. Mr. Black raises considerable live stock, making a specialty of Poland-China hogs. During his residence in this State he has been several times in Colorado, engaged in freighting, etc. During the late Rebellion he served in the Kansas State Militia. Mr. Black was married in Anderson County, Kan., February 14, 1864, to Sarah E. Stigenwalt, who died January 5, 1873, leaving one son. Mr. Black was married again at this place, April 2, 1874, to Emma C. Luyster. They have four children.

JOHN TRACY CORNELL, farmer, Section 12, P. O. Iola, was born in Fountain County, Ind., October, 1826, and reared on a farm. After reaching the age of manhood he carried on a farm of his own, of 173 acres. He came to Allen County in the fall of 1858, pre-empted 160 acres in Iola Township, where he resided some twelve years, and then moved into Geneva Township. About ten years ago he settled on his present farm, which consists of 130 acres of fine bottom land, all improved, and on which he has erected a handsome home and farm buildings. He is quite an extensive raiser of cattle, etc. During the late war he served in the Kansas State Militia, and was for three years deputy under Sheriff A. Brown. Mr. Cornell was married in Fountain County, Ind., in the fall of 1848, to Phoebe Jane Booe. They have a family of eight children.

EPHRAIM FISK, farmer, Section 23, P. O. Geneva, was born at Strafford, Orange Co., Vt., September 10, 1811, and spent his youth on a farm. In 1842, he moved to Wyoming County, N. Y., where he was employed in agricultural pursuits, and also worked in woolen mills in that and Seneca County. In March, 1857, he came to Kansas and located on this farm. He conducted the farm until lately, when he turned it over to his step-son, Alroy B. Curtis. Mr. Fisk took up 160 acres of raw land on his arrival here, and made a highly improved farm of it. He has been a deacon of the Congregational Church in this locality since 1858.

ALONZO W. HOWLAND, dealer in live stock, Section 29, P. O. Geneva, was born in Saratoga County, N. Y., in 1834, and reared on a farm in Calhoun County, Mich. He has earned his own livelihood since thirteen years of age. Mr. H. was employed for some time in grocery business, and also learned the trade of stone mason in Calhoun County. He came to Kansas in April, 1859; located in Allen County, pre-empting 160 acres in this township, on which he resided some five years. In 1864, he moved on to his present farm, Section 29, Township 23, Range 18. Mr. H. had very small means on his arrival in this State. He worked some at his trade, and farmed, and by industry and energy, has made himself one of the representative men of Allen County. He owns about 440 acres of land, and is an extensive raiser and dealer in live stock. On his place is a fine stone residence, which he built some fourteen years ago, and an orchard of about 500 fruit trees. Mr. H. was elected a member of the Board of Commissioners of Allen County, in 1872, and re- elected in 1874. He was married in Calhoun County, Mich., when twenty years of age, to Miss Eveline Gardner, who died here in May, 1873, leaving three children. He was married again, in Allen County, Kan., in December, 1874, to Miss Emma Harlow.

REV. SALATHIEL M. IRWIN, Section 25, P. O. Geneva, was born at South Salem, Ross Co., Ohio, November 23, 1836, and received his preparatory education at the Presbyterian Academy of that place, after which he attended Hanover College, Ind., graduating in 1861, and then taught Hanover High School for two years. Mr. Irwin attended Princeton Theological Seminary for three years, graduating there in April, 1866. He was licensed to preach in 1865, and ordained a minister in the following year, at Little Osage, Mo., where he had charge of the Presbyterian Church for one year. In September, 1867, he came to Allen County, Kan., and has since resided at Geneva. He has charge of the Presbyterian Church here, also the Liberty Presbyterian Church, and the church at Carlyle. During his first six years' residence at this place, he was principal of the Presbyterian Academy. Mr. Irwin has a nice farm here of about 135 acres, and has also eighty acres in Woodson County.

CHAS. L. KNOWLTON, merchant, Geneva, was born in Clark County, Ind., June 23, 1849. His father was a doctor and also carried on a farm, and the subject of our sketch assisted him in the latter business. The doctor resided for four years in Cumberland County, Ill., and in April, 1867, moved to Allen County, Kan., locating at Geneva. His son, Chas. L. accompanied him, and was engaged in agricultural pursuits in this township until January 15, 1882, when he embarked in general merchandise business. He carries a nice stock of about $3,000, and is building up a good trade. He also has a small farm of fifty-three acres. Mr. Knowlton is a member of the order of A., F. & A. M., and is one of the trustees of Tuscan Lodge, No. 82, at Neosho Falls.

JONATHAN M. MATTOON, Postmaster, Geneva, was born in Jefferson County, N. Y., December 17, 1813, and worked on his father's farm until twenty-one years of age. He then learned the trade of machinist and worked at it in New York and Detroit, Mich. He came to Allen County, Kan., in the spring of 1857, located at Geneva, and was employed as a carpenter. He was Deputy Postmaster under Dr. Stone, from 1858 until 1861, when he was commissioned Postmaster, an office which he has filled ever since. He also carries a small stock of goods and has a small farm. Mr. M. has been Justice of the Peace since 1859, and is also Notary Public. He served a two years term on the Board of Commissioners for Allen County, during the war. The subject of this sketch was married in St. Lawrence County, N. Y., in 1837, to Lucy Hancock, she died in 1859, leaving six children and two of these, sons died in the late war. Mr. Mattoon was married again in Allen County, Kan., in January, 1861, to Nancy Dickey. They have two daughters.

JONATHAN H. SPICER, farmer, Section 24, P. O. Geneva, was born in Plymouth, N. H., April 12, 1816, and reared principally on farms in the State of New York. His father Jabez Spicer was a medical doctor and a missionary of the Presbyterian Church, but also engaged in agricultural pursuits. The subject of our sketch was, during the years of 1851 and 1852, in the employ of the Panama Railroad Company, in charge of a body of men engaged in building a railroad across the Isthmus. In 1853, he went to California, where he remained one year engaged in mining pursuits. Returning east he carried on mercantile business at Wacousta, Clinton Co., Mich., for three years. Mr. Spicer came to Kansas, in the spring of 1857, and located on his present farm in Allen County. He has 167 acres of land all improved, has a nice orchard, and is quite an extensive raiser of cattle, horses, etc. On October 16, 1861, he enlisted in Company D, Ninth Kansas Cavalry, serving three years and three months. He was Quartermaster Sergeant of the regiment. He was for some years Justice of the Peace and Notary Public, at this place. Mr. S. was married at Watertown, Mich., September 3, 1839, to Miss Emily Phinney. They have one son, Duane D.

J. C. THOMAS, farmer, Section 17, P. O. Iola, was born in Shelby County, Ind., in 1842, and in 1858 came to Kansas, locating in Coffey County. He in company with others built a saw mill in Neosho City. About two years later he moved to Madison County, but remained only a short time. In 1861 he built a flouring mill at Burlington, Kan., and afterwards returned to Indiana on a vessel; while there he enlisted in July, 1862, in the Seventy-sixth Indiana Infantry and served thirty days. Returning to his mill at Burlington he conducted the same until 1863, when he sold out and moved to Iola, where he ran a steam saw and grist mill. In 1865 he sold his interest, and in 1866 moved on to his present farm. He has 125 acres of fine bottom land and raises some stock, etc. In 1876 he purchased a saw mill which is now located on his farm on the banks of the Neosho River. This mill has a capacity of 2,000 feet of lumber daily and gives employment at times to five men. Mr. Thomas is a practical sawyer and machinist.

DEXTER L. WARNER, proprietor of the Geneva House, was born in Franklin County, Mass., March 12, 1842, and reared on a farm. He enlisted May 6, 1861, in Company D, Twelfth Massachusetts Infantry; was shot in left hip joint at Groveton, Va., August 30, 1862, and discharged May 26, 1863. Returning to Franklin he remained until 1871, when he moved to Worcester, where he was employed as a painter and also worked in boot factory. Three years later he moved to Oxford where he was engaged in the capacity of a clerk in general merchandise business. In July, 1879, he came to Allen County, located in Geneva Township and followed agricultural pursuits. In April, 1882, he engaged in his present business and also continues to farm same. Mr. Warner was elected Trustee of Geneva Township in February, 1882, and again in February, 1883. 

ROBERT B. ARNOLD, Superintendent of the County Poor Farm, P. O. Carlyle, was born in Gibson County, Tenn., August 6, 1839. He was reared on a farm, but at the age of eighteen years entered an apprenticeship to learn the carpenter's trade. This trade he followed in his own neighborhood until March, 1863, when he removed to Hadley, Ill., to keep from being conscripted in the Rebel Army. He remained there until 1866 when he returned to West Tennessee, where he followed his trade until 1874, when he removed to Reno County, Kan. In September, 1877, he located at Humboldt, Allen Co., Kan., where he continued work at his trade until the following January, when he established a grocery store at Carlyle, which he carried on for two years. On March 5, 1880, he took charge of the County Poor Farm as Superintendent, which position he has since retained. He was married February 23, 1868, to Miss Mary Eckley, of Kenton, Tenn. They have seven children - Sophia, Flora, Martha, Ephraim B., Harvey E., Mary M. and Robert B. Mr. Arnold is a member of the Presbyterian Church, also of the Masonic fraternity.

JAMES C. COFFIELD, farmer, Section 29, P. O. Colony, was born in Grant County, Ind., November 15, 1845, and came to Allen County, Kan., in July, 1860, with his father, Samuel Coffield, who located in this Township. In November, 1861, he enlisted in Company H, Ninth Kansas Cavalry, was shot through the left leg at Netonia, Mo., September 30, 1862; he served until mustered out January 16, 1865, after which he followed agricultural pursuits. In 1868 he was appointed Clerk of the District Court at Iola and served eighteen months, then for two years acted as Treasurer of the county for his brother-in-law, John Francis, who held that office. Mr. Coffield then follower mercantile pursuits at Iola. In 1878 he turned his attention to farming and in the spring of 1882 moved on to his present farm, which consists of some eighty acres. He was Deputy United States Marshal at Iola for four years. Mr. Coffield was married in Allen County, Kan., July 4, 1872, to Sarah J. Fulwider, and they have a family of four living children - Fred C., Clifford F., Lewis E. and Nellie E.

WILLIAM DAVIS, farmer, Section 2, P. O. Humboldt, was born in Johnson County, Ind., January, 1838, and reared on a farm. In 1859, he entered a store at Franklin, that county, as a clerk, and was engaged in that capacity several years. In April, 1861, he enlisted in Company H, Seventh Indiana Infantry, served three months, and re-enlisted in Company F, of the same regiment; was promoted to Second Lieutenant, early in 1863, and mustered out, September 20, 1864, after which he followed mercantile pursuits at Franklin, Ind. He came to Kansas in 1869, located at Iola, and engaged in mercantile business in the firm of Davis & Van Nuys, continuing in that business until October, 1875. Was then for three years employed in traveling for the Presbyterian Board of Publication. In the fall of 1878, he was elected Clerk of District Court, at Humboldt, and re-elected in 1880. Mr. Davis has 157 acres of improved land, and has quite recently given his attention to agricultural pursuits.

HON. LEWIS EDMUNDSON, farmer and stock raiser, Section 10, P. O. Iola, was born in Allegheny County, Penn., July 10, 1831, and reared in Lawrence County, where he learned the trade of plasterer. In 1856, he moved to Champaign County, Ill., where he worked at his trade. Mr. E. came to Allen County, Kas., in the spring of 1860, and pre-empted his present farm, which consists of 160 acres. This he has improved, has built a nice home, and has a good orchard of about four acres. He also has a fine residence and orchard in Iola, where he at times takes up his residence. In October, 1861, he enlisted in Company E, Ninth Kansas Cavalry, and, having passed through the various grades, was promoted to First Lieutenant, early in 1865, serving until July 17, of that year. In the fall of 1868, he was elected to the State Legislature. Mr. E. was married in Champaign County, Ill., in 1858, to Annie A. Thrasher, who died in 1862, leaving one child, Annie E. He was married again, in 1872, at Deer Creek, Allen Co., Kas., to Alice M. Wisner. They have four children - Nellie V., Eugene S., Margaret N. and Lewis A.

M. M. HART stock dealer, Section 15, P. O. Iola, was born in Greene County, Ill., in 1839, and reared on a farm. In the fall of 1859, he came to Allen County, Kas., located on a farm near Iola, and has since followed farming, dealing in live stock, etc. In the fall of 1861, he enlisted in Company E, Ninth Kansas Cavalry, and was mustered out as Sergeant, three years later. For the past twelve years, has been largely engaged in buying and shipping live stock, in company with Nimrod Hankins. Mr. Hart was, also, for some time, engaged in grocery business at Iola, with I. S. Welsh. This interest he sold out in 1883, and now resides on his farm in this Township, which consists of 227 acres of well improved land.

SAMUEL G. JORDAN, farmer and stock raiser, Section 12, P. O. Carlyle, was born at Gloucester, N. J., March 24, 1849, and came to Allen County with his parents in the spring of 1857. He owns 120 acres of land on Deer Creek, on which are a large orchard and good farm buildings. He was married, October 29, 1872, to Miss Jennie D. Demaree of Waveland, Ind. They have four children, and are both members of the Presbyterian Church. Robert B. Jordan, father of the subject of this sketch, was born in Mexico, Perry Co., Pa., in 1811, and moved to Appanoose County, Iowa, in 1850. In the spring of 1857 he moved to Allen County, Kas., and settled in Deer Creek Township, where he lived until his death , February 22, 1876. His widow, Mrs. Emeline Jordan, survives him and lives with her son, Samuel G. She was born in Juniata County, Pa., December 9, 1817, was married September 6, 1836, and had eight children, four of whom are now living. Both she and her husband united with the church at an early period of their married life.

BARTHOLEMEW A. LONGSTRETH, farmer, Section 21, P. O. Colony, was born in Muskingum County, Ohio, August 19, 1833, was reared on a farm and followed agricultural pursuits for a livelihood after reaching the age of manhood. Mr. I., first came to Kansas in 1857, but did not engage in any business. Was for a short time employed on the Government survey. In the spring of 1869, he closed out his farming interests in Ohio and located on his present farm in Allen County. He has 240 acres of land, sixty of which are in cultivation, and he is quite an extensive stock raiser. His place is well improved, has a good residence, stone fences, and an orchard of six acres. Mr. L. has filled several of his school district offices, such as Treasurer, Director and Clerk. He was married in Muskingum County, Ohio, Sept. 10, 1864, to Lorena Stoneburner. Their family consists of six children, four of whom were born in this State.

REV. EPHRAIM K. LYNN, now a retired clergyman residing on a farm, Section 35, Allen County, Kas., P. O. Carlyle, was born in Jefferson County, Ky., in 1814; while young, he moved with his parents to Washington County, Ind. In the spring of 1833 he entered college at South Hanover, Ind., and graduated in the fall of 1839. In 1840 he was licensed to preach the gospel by the Presbytery of West Lexington, Ky., and in the spring of 1841 was ordained to the full work of the gospel ministry by the Presbytery of Louisville, Ky. He was at first stationed at Bridgeport, in the vicinity of Frankfort, Ky., where he remained until 1844, when he went to Georgetown and supplied the pulpit there until the year 1848, when he returned to Washington County, Ind., spending six years of labor in New Philadelphia, when he went to Hopewell, in Johnson Co., Ind., and labored for two years. In 1854 he removed to Champaign County, Ill., where he lived until 1856, when he went to Mercer County, Ills. In the fall of 1860 to Allen County, Kas., and located on the farm on which he now resides, in Deer Creek Township. He has been actively engaged in the ministry for forty-two years. He has been twice married; first, to Miss Harriet Briggs, in 1839, and next to Mrs. S. M. Thompson, in 1874.

ADAM MAIER, farmer, Section 21, P. O. Colony, was born in Germany, January 1, 1839, and in 1855, immigrated to Michigan, where for three years he was employed at farm work; then in same capacity in Logan County, Ills. In the fall of 1866 he came to Allen County and located on his present farm. He has 400 acres of land, 200 of which are in cultivation, and two acres in orchard. His place is well improved, and he is an extensive stock raiser. Mr. M. was for three years engaged, also, in conducting a meat market at Iola, and was in grocery business for two years in company with Emanuel Richards, to whom he sold his interest early in 1883. The subject of our sketch was married in Logan County, Ills., in the spring of 1862, to Johanna Green; their family consists of five children, three of whom were born in this State.

C. G. MULL, farmer, Section 36, P. O. Carlyle, was born in Washington Township, Parke Co., Ind., October 3, 1842, and was reared on a farm. Leaving his parents home at the age of twenty-one, he enlisted in Company F, Eleventh Indiana Cavalry, being mustered in November 9, 1863. He served in the army of the Cumberland, under Gen. Thomas, and was in active service until his discharge in July, 1865. He then returned to Parke County, where he lived until the following spring, when he went to Vermillion County, Ills., and in the fall of 1866 came to Allen County, Kas., and located at Iola, where he worked at the carpenter trade until the fall of 1868, when he enlisted in Company C, Nineteenth Kansas Volunteer Cavalry, to serve on the plains against the Indians. In the spring of 1869, he was discharged, and in June returned to Allen County and located in Deer Creek Township, where he worked at his trade. In 1871 he purchased a farm and the next year began farming in connection with other pursuits. He now owns 200 acres of land, one-half of which are under cultivation, and on which are two houses and other suitable farm buildings. For the past five years he has been a contractor, working taxes for the K. C., L. & S. K. R. R., employing a number of men and teams. He is one of the leading men of his township in public affairs. He was married September 21, 1871, to Miss Laura P. Adams, of Deer Creek Township, who was born in Kentucky. Both are members of the Presbyterian Church.

ROBERT HARVEY STRICKLER, Postmaster and merchant, was born in Parke County Ind., November 22, 1852, and came to Kansas with his father, Moses Strickler, who located in Deer Creek Township, Allen County, in the fall of 1866. The subject of our sketch assisted him on the farm for about seven years, then conducted a farm on his own account. In the spring of 1882 he purchased a merchandise stock at Carlyle, and has since carried on business at that point. He was appointed Postmaster in March, 1882. Mr. S. was married at Iola, Kas., March 24, 1881, to Martha Martin; they have one child - Burton E.

Z. J. WISNER, farmer and stock-raiser, P. O. Iola, was born in Niagara County, N. Y., February 7, 1825. When eleven years of age he removed with his parents to Fayette County, Ind., where he was reared on a farm. In 1841 he removed to Rush County where he lived for twelve years when he went to Iowa, where he resided on a farm until 1857, when he removed to Allen County, Kas., and located on a claim adjoining the town-site of Cofachique, where he remained for eight years, when he removed to his present farm on Deer Creek. He owns 213 acres of land which is all fenced. Of this land 100 acres are cultivated; 30 acres, meadow; 40 acres, timber; 5 acres, orchard, and the remainder, pasture. He has 43 head of cattle, 75 hogs and 5 horses. Mr. Wisner was married in February, 1850, to Miss Nancy Davis, of Rush County, Ind. They have five children, all living in Kansas, of whom, Kansas Lily, Ruby O., and Carl A., are still at home. Mr. W. has been for two terms Superintendent of schools of Allen County, and two terms County Commissioner, and three terms Trustee of his township. In October, 1861, he enlisted in Company G, Fourteenth Kansas Cavalry, and served until August, 1865, when he was discharged and mustered out.

JOHN W. WISE, farmer, Section 33, P. O. Iola, was born in Saline County, Ill., October 1, 1846, and came to Allen County, Kas., in June, 1857. In the spring of 1858 his father, W. H. Wise, pre-empted this farm and the subject of our sketch assisted in conducting the same until 1870, since which time he has farmed on his own account. He has 160 acres, principally fine bottom land, and is also engaged in raising livestock. He has an orchard on his place of about two acres. Mr. W. held the office of Justice of the Peace for a term. He was married in Anderson County, Kas., April 4, 1872, to Julia F. Price, and they have a pleasant family. 

JOHN J. BLACK, farmer, Section 12, P. O. Iola, was born in Licking County, Ohio, August 5, 1834, and was reared in Illinois. His father was a farmer. The subject of our sketch also resided for several years in Marion County, Iowa. He came to Allen County in the fall of 1857, and pre-empted 160 acres in the township, on which he resided some fifteen years, after which he moved on to his present farm, which consists of sixty-seven and one-half acres of fine bottom land, nearly all of which is cultivated. Mr. Black raises considerable live stock, making a specialty of Poland-China hogs. During his residence in this State he has been several times in Colorado, engaged in freighting, etc. During the late Rebellion he served in the Kansas State Militia. Mr. Black was married in Anderson County, Kan., February 14, 1864, to Sarah E. Stigenwalt, who died January 5, 1873, leaving one son. Mr. Black was married again at this place, April 2, 1874, to Emma C. Luyster. They have four children.

JOHN TRACY CORNELL, farmer, Section 12, P. O. Iola, was born in Fountain County, Ind., October, 1826, and reared on a farm. After reaching the age of manhood he carried on a farm of his own, of 173 acres. He came to Allen County in the fall of 1858, pre-empted 160 acres in Iola Township, where he resided some twelve years, and then moved into Geneva Township. About ten years ago he settled on his present farm, which consists of 130 acres of fine bottom land, all improved, and on which he has erected a handsome home and farm buildings. He is quite an extensive raiser of cattle, etc. During the late war he served in the Kansas State Militia, and was for three years deputy under Sheriff A. Brown. Mr. Cornell was married in Fountain County, Ind., in the fall of 1848, to Phoebe Jane Booe. They have a family of eight children.

EPHRAIM FISK, farmer, Section 23, P. O. Geneva, was born at Strafford, Orange Co., Vt., September 10, 1811, and spent his youth on a farm. In 1842, he moved to Wyoming County, N. Y., where he was employed in agricultural pursuits, and also worked in woolen mills in that and Seneca County. In March, 1857, he came to Kansas and located on this farm. He conducted the farm until lately, when he turned it over to his step-son, Alroy B. Curtis. Mr. Fisk took up 160 acres of raw land on his arrival here, and made a highly improved farm of it. He has been a deacon of the Congregational Church in this locality since 1858.

ALONZO W. HOWLAND, dealer in live stock, Section 29, P. O. Geneva, was born in Saratoga County, N. Y., in 1834, and reared on a farm in Calhoun County, Mich. He has earned his own livelihood since thirteen years of age. Mr. H. was employed for some time in grocery business, and also learned the trade of stone mason in Calhoun County. He came to Kansas in April, 1859; located in Allen County, pre-empting 160 acres in this township, on which he resided some five years. In 1864, he moved on to his present farm, Section 29, Township 23, Range 18. Mr. H. had very small means on his arrival in this State. He worked some at his trade, and farmed, and by industry and energy, has made himself one of the representative men of Allen County. He owns about 440 acres of land, and is an extensive raiser and dealer in live stock. On his place is a fine stone residence, which he built some fourteen years ago, and an orchard of about 500 fruit trees. Mr. H. was elected a member of the Board of Commissioners of Allen County, in 1872, and re- elected in 1874. He was married in Calhoun County, Mich., when twenty years of age, to Miss Eveline Gardner, who died here in May, 1873, leaving three children. He was married again, in Allen County, Kan., in December, 1874, to Miss Emma Harlow.

REV. SALATHIEL M. IRWIN, Section 25, P. O. Geneva, was born at South Salem, Ross Co., Ohio, November 23, 1836, and received his preparatory education at the Presbyterian Academy of that place, after which he attended Hanover College, Ind., graduating in 1861, and then taught Hanover High School for two years. Mr. Irwin attended Princeton Theological Seminary for three years, graduating there in April, 1866. He was licensed to preach in 1865, and ordained a minister in the following year, at Little Osage, Mo., where he had charge of the Presbyterian Church for one year. In September, 1867, he came to Allen County, Kan., and has since resided at Geneva. He has charge of the Presbyterian Church here, also the Liberty Presbyterian Church, and the church at Carlyle. During his first six years' residence at this place, he was principal of the Presbyterian Academy. Mr. Irwin has a nice farm here of about 135 acres, and has also eighty acres in Woodson County.

CHAS. L. KNOWLTON, merchant, Geneva, was born in Clark County, Ind., June 23, 1849. His father was a doctor and also carried on a farm, and the subject of our sketch assisted him in the latter business. The doctor resided for four years in Cumberland County, Ill., and in April, 1867, moved to Allen County, Kan., locating at Geneva. His son, Chas. L. accompanied him, and was engaged in agricultural pursuits in this township until January 15, 1882, when he embarked in general merchandise business. He carries a nice stock of about $3,000, and is building up a good trade. He also has a small farm of fifty-three acres. Mr. Knowlton is a member of the order of A., F. & A. M., and is one of the trustees of Tuscan Lodge, No. 82, at Neosho Falls.

JONATHAN M. MATTOON, Postmaster, Geneva, was born in Jefferson County, N. Y., December 17, 1813, and worked on his father's farm until twenty-one years of age. He then learned the trade of machinist and worked at it in New York and Detroit, Mich. He came to Allen County, Kan., in the spring of 1857, located at Geneva, and was employed as a carpenter. He was Deputy Postmaster under Dr. Stone, from 1858 until 1861, when he was commissioned Postmaster, an office which he has filled ever since. He also carries a small stock of goods and has a small farm. Mr. M. has been Justice of the Peace since 1859, and is also Notary Public. He served a two years term on the Board of Commissioners for Allen County, during the war. The subject of this sketch was married in St. Lawrence County, N. Y., in 1837, to Lucy Hancock, she died in 1859, leaving six children and two of these, sons died in the late war. Mr. Mattoon was married again in Allen County, Kan., in January, 1861, to Nancy Dickey. They have two daughters.

JONATHAN H. SPICER, farmer, Section 24, P. O. Geneva, was born in Plymouth, N. H., April 12, 1816, and reared principally on farms in the State of New York. His father Jabez Spicer was a medical doctor and a missionary of the Presbyterian Church, but also engaged in agricultural pursuits. The subject of our sketch was, during the years of 1851 and 1852, in the employ of the Panama Railroad Company, in charge of a body of men engaged in building a railroad across the Isthmus. In 1853, he went to California, where he remained one year engaged in mining pursuits. Returning east he carried on mercantile business at Wacousta, Clinton Co., Mich., for three years. Mr. Spicer came to Kansas, in the spring of 1857, and located on his present farm in Allen County. He has 167 acres of land all improved, has a nice orchard, and is quite an extensive raiser of cattle, horses, etc. On October 16, 1861, he enlisted in Company D, Ninth Kansas Cavalry, serving three years and three months. He was Quartermaster Sergeant of the regiment. He was for some years Justice of the Peace and Notary Public, at this place. Mr. S. was married at Watertown, Mich., September 3, 1839, to Miss Emily Phinney. They have one son, Duane D.

J. C. THOMAS, farmer, Section 17, P. O. Iola, was born in Shelby County, Ind., in 1842, and in 1858 came to Kansas, locating in Coffey County. He in company with others built a saw mill in Neosho City. About two years later he moved to Madison County, but remained only a short time. In 1861 he built a flouring mill at Burlington, Kan., and afterwards returned to Indiana on a vessel; while there he enlisted in July, 1862, in the Seventy-sixth Indiana Infantry and served thirty days. Returning to his mill at Burlington he conducted the same until 1863, when he sold out and moved to Iola, where he ran a steam saw and grist mill. In 1865 he sold his interest, and in 1866 moved on to his present farm. He has 125 acres of fine bottom land and raises some stock, etc. In 1876 he purchased a saw mill which is now located on his farm on the banks of the Neosho River. This mill has a capacity of 2,000 feet of lumber daily and gives employment at times to five men. Mr. Thomas is a practical sawyer and machinist.

DEXTER L. WARNER, proprietor of the Geneva House, was born in Franklin County, Mass., March 12, 1842, and reared on a farm. He enlisted May 6, 1861, in Company D, Twelfth Massachusetts Infantry; was shot in left hip joint at Groveton, Va., August 30, 1862, and discharged May 26, 1863. Returning to Franklin he remained until 1871, when he moved to Worcester, where he was employed as a painter and also worked in boot factory. Three years later he moved to Oxford where he was engaged in the capacity of a clerk in general merchandise business. In July, 1879, he came to Allen County, located in Geneva Township and followed agricultural pursuits. In April, 1882, he engaged in his present business and also continues to farm same. Mr. Warner was elected Trustee of Geneva Township in February, 1882, and again in February, 1883. 

ROBERT DAWSON, of Dawson & Mann, merchants, was born in Warren County, Ill., February 26, 1849, and came to Kansas, locating on the Osage River, Allen County, with his father, Miles B. Dawson, who took up a homestead. The subject of our sketch returned to Warren County, Ill., after a brief stay here of six months. There he remained some eighteen months, employed in the manufacture of brick. He was also for some time in the States of Colorado and Arkansas. About 1877 he engaged in agricultural pursuits in Allen County, and was engaged in that capacity until October 1, 1881, when he embarked in general merchandise business at Moran, with a stock of about $500. The business increased rapidly, and in February, 1883 he admitted Daniel G. Mann as a partner. The firm have a fine trade, to supply the demands of which they carry a stock of $4,000 to $5,000. Daniel G. Mann of this firm, was born in Clark County, Ill., in 1853. He has for twenty-three years been a resident of Allen County.

JOHN EASTWOOD, contractor and builder, was born at Berry, Genesee Co., N. Y., May 1, 1832, and learned the carpenter trade at Angelica, Allegheny County, at the age of fourteen years. He then followed it as a journeyman and contractor, in Pennsylvania, Ohio, Michigan and Wisconsin. He came to Kansas February 12, 1866, locating in Deer Creek Township, Allen County. He worked as a builder, etc., there and at Iola, for some nine years. He then purchased a farm in Woodson County, where he carried on business as a contractor and builder for a short time. Returning East he followed the same business in Ashtabula County, Ohio, until October, 1879, when he again came West to Kansas. He followed building in this and Anderson County, and in August of 1882 he moved to this place, since which time he has conducted quite a nice business in his line. He has had a practical experience of over thirty years as a builder.

DR. ELAM B. ELLIS, was born in Adams County, Ohio, and is about thirty-eight years of age. He was reared on a farm in Appanoose County, Iowa. He began the study of medicine with Dr. G. P. Smith, in that county, and also attended the Iowa State University, where he graduated in the spring of 1867. He then taught school in Appanoose and Davis counties, and continued his medical studies. He came to Kansas in 1870, located in Butler County, where he took up a claim and resided there some two years. Moving to Anderson County he followed agricultural pursuits and also traveled through the State lecturing on theology and science. In July, 1876, he moved to Linn County, where he practiced two years, then in Ozark, Anderson County, where he practiced and carried on a drug business. In April, 1882, he moved his stock of drugs to this place, continuing business in that line in connection with his practice. The doctor is also about to engage in the real estate and loan business.

JOHATHAN E. HOBBY, dealer in groceries and queens ware, was born March 5, 1848, and reared on a farm. He came to Kansas April 18, 1872, and was for four and one-half years employed as a clerk in mercantile business at Fort Scott, after which he traveled in New York, Colorado and the Black Hills, for about a year. Returning to Fort Scott, he opened in company with R. F. Wilcox a marble factory. A year later they moved the business to Beloit, Kan., and after continuing there for two years Mr. Hobby sold out his interest to his partner. In October, 1880, he went to Colorado, remained only a short time, then for a few months carried on grocery business at Fort Scott. He came to Moran in March, 1882, and embarked in his present business.

JOHN HONSTEAD, contractor and builder, was born at Van Wert, Ohio, in 1851, and reared on a farm. At the age of nineteen years he learned the trade of carpenter, and followed it in that locality until the fall of 1879, when he came to Kansas. Mr. H. located in Neosho County. He was for a year employed at his trade in Chanute, after which he farmed for a year or more. On February 4, 1882, he came to Moran, and at once embarked in business as a contractor and builder. He built the public schoolhouse at this place, and many of the principal business houses and residences. He has had a practical experience in business of thirteen years.

NEWELL SOUTHARD, dealer in furniture, groceries, grain and coal, is a native of Fairfax, Franklin Co., Vt. He was employed for many years in railroading. He was conductor for one year, and general freight agent at Columbus, Ohio, for the C., C. & C. R. R. Co., for four years, and general agent five years. Was for two years general freight agent for the Logansport & Burlington Railroad, at Logansport, Ind. After which he moved to La Crosse, Wis., where he was for twelve years employed in the manufacture of lumber. In the spring of 1880 he came to Kansas, and located at Clarksburg, Bourbon County, where he engaged in the coal business. In February, 1882, he removed to this point, and at once opened his present establishment. He buys and ships grain quite extensively.

W. J. STEELE, dealer in hardware, stoves, tin ware, etc., was born in Waveland, Montgomery Co., Ind., February 27, 1853. In August, 1868, he came to Allen County, Kan., and for four years resided on a farm in Geneva Township. He then took up his residence near the city of Iola, and taught district schools in this county for about seven years, after which he was for one year employed as a clerk in a hardware house at Iola. On January, 2, 1882, Mr. Steele embarked in his present business, with a stock of about $600. His trade has gradually improved, and he has now invested in stock about $1,800. He also has a general repairing shop in connection with his hardware establishment, and is the only merchant in this line at this place.

MATHEWS BROTHERS, dealers in general merchandise. The firm is composed of Lewis D. and Thomas A. Mathews. They established the business February 14, 1882, with a stock of about $1,500. In June following they erected a handsome stone building and now carry a stock of about $5,000, to supply the demands of their trade. They also deal extensively in grain. Both brothers were born in Yadkin County, N. Y. The eldest, Lewis D., on August 17, 1855, and Thomas A. on July 12, 1859. They came to Kansas in 1868, with their father, William Mathews, who still resides on his farm, in Deer Creek Township, Allen County, where the boys were brought up. They are active, enterprising young men.

DAVID H. MITCHELL, dealer in lumber, building materials, etc., was born in Warren County, Mo., March 15, 1846, and raised on a farm. He enlisted March 18, 1862, in Company D, Third Missouri Cavalry, serving three years, eighteen months of which period he served as a musician. He came to Kansas in the fall of 1867, locating in Miami County, near Paola, where he farmed for three years, then in same capacity in Franklin County for three years, again in Miami County for six years. In August, 1881, he moved to this place and on March 30, 1882, engaged in his present business with a stock of about $2,000, which has since been doubled to supply the demands of his trade. Mr. Mitchell was the first business man to locate at this place and open an establishment. 

ANDREW L. BAIR, farmer, Section 34, P. O. Bronson, Bourbon County, was born in Warren County, Ill., December 9, 1833, and reared on a farm. At eighteen years of age he went west to California, where he followed mining pursuits for some six years, after which he returned east to Wayne County, Iowa, and followed agricultural pursuits there until 1865, when he moved to Illinois. In the fall of 1866 he came to Allen County, Kansas, and homesteaded 160 acres in Osage Township, which he improved and resided on until January, 1882, when he sold and moved onto his present farm, which consists of 160 acres, well improved. He was Treasurer of the Osage School District for five years.

WILLIAM CULBERTSON, farmer, Section 5, P. O. Bronson, Bourbon County, was born in Ireland, December, 1846; came to America in 1854, and resided with his parents in New Jersey and Knox County, Ill. In the spring of 1868, he came to Allen County, Kansas, and has since resided in this township. He has now about 500 acres of land, 150 of which are in cultivation. His main business is raising livestock in which he is quite extensively engaged. He has on his place about five acres of orchard. Mr. Culbertson was married in Allen County, in August, 1873, to Rachel M. Rogers, who died in the spring of 1879, leaving one daughter, Alice.

ADOLPH E. FEHLEISEN, farmer, Section 34, P. O. Moran, was born while his parents were crossing the Atlantic Ocean from Germany, in 1840, and was reared in Ripley County Ind., where he learned the trade of carpenter. During the war he served as a soldier from July 14, 1861, until August 22, 1864, participating in the engagements of Pea Ridge, Corinth, Stone River and others. After the war he settled in Cincinnati, Ohio, where he carried on business as a contractor and builder; was also for a short time in New York, and one year in San Francisco, Cal. He came to Allen County, Kansas, in September, 1878, and located on his present farm which consists of 320 acres, all finely improved. He has quite a nice orchard and is an extensive stock raiser. Mr. F. had charge of Fairlawn post office two years and was Clerk of the township for one year. He was treasurer of Moran Cemetery Association and is now secretary of that body, and is also Treasurer of the School District, No. 54.

GEORGE McLAUGHLIN, farmer, Section 8, P. O. Moran, was born in Brown County, Ohio, May 12, 1835, and reared on a farm. In 1866 he moved to Jackson County, Mo., where he farmed until 1869, when he came to Kansas, locating in Brown County; he followed agricultural pursuits. In September, 1871, he came to Allen County, and located on his present farm. He has now 480 acres of land, 200 of which are in cultivation. He is a large and extensive raiser of livestock, and also has on his place a fine orchard of about six acres. Mr. McLaughlin is one of the representative farmers of this county. He was married in Brown County, Ohio, in 1860, to Abbey J. Pickerill. They have a family of nine children.

JOSEPH G. NORTON, farmer, Section 34, P. O. Moran, was born at Castine, Hancock Co., Me., in 1824. He learned the trade of shoemaker at Braintree, Mass., and was employed at it in that State for some twenty-six years; also for about four years near Cincinnati, Ohio. He came to Allen County, Kansas, in March, 1872, and located on his present farm. He has in all 323 acres of land, all improved. Has on his place a fine orchard and five acres of forest trees. He is quite an extensive farmer, and cultivates 125 acres of his farm and raises considerable livestock. Mr. Norton has for six years been Treasurer of his School District. He is one of the enterprising men of his locality, and is assisted in his business by his son, Clarence J.

JAMES H. ROSS, P. O. Moran, money to loan, was born at Bridgewater, Vt., in 1817, and was reared on a farm. In the year 1832, he moved with his parents to Medina County, Ohio, where he resided five years, then in Philadelphia, Pa., employed five years in a spruceroot bee, and ginger pop factory, after which he moved to Tazewell County, Ill., where he followed agriculture, buying and selling cattle five years, and in the same capacity in Shelby County, Mo. In February, 1862, he enlisted in Missouri State Militia; served eighteen months. In 1864 moved to Hancock County, Ill., and two years after to LaCrosse, Wis., where for twelve years he followed the logging and lumber business. Mr. Ross came to Kansas in October, 1878, locating in Osage Township, Allen County, where he farmed and bought and sold stock, in company with his son, William A. Ross, and in the fall of 1882 moved to Moran. He has a farm of sixty acres adjoining the town site, and another of 160 acres north of it.

JOHN N. SAPP, farmer, Section 5, P. O. Bronson, Bourbon County, was born at Circleville, Pickaway Co., Ohio, August 16, 1840. There he learned the trade of tinner. On August 11, 1862, he enlisted in Company B, One Hundred and Fourteenth Ohio Infantry, and served until July, 1865. He then moved to Oneida, Knox Co., Ill., where he engaged in stove and tinware business, carrying it on for three years. He came to Allen County, Kansas, in November, 1868, and located on his present farm. He has in all 400 acres, 130 of which are in cultivation and considerable in forest and fruit trees, besides which he raises, to a large extent, live stock. During his residence at this place he was also for three years employed as a tinner at Humboldt. Mr. Sapp has been Treasurer of this Township for the past four years. He was married at Oneida, Ill., in the fall of 1867, to Rebecca Culbertson. They have three children. 

DR. ALBERT A. ALLEN, farmer, Section 21, P. O. Ozark, Anderson County, was born in Seneca County, N. Y., in 1824, and when young his parents moved to Summit County, Ohio, and latter to Wisconsin. He studied medicine at Whitewater, Wis., with Drs. Clark & Rice. The Doctor began the practice of medicine in 1849, at Zanesville, Ill. In 1852 he removed to California, and practiced there in the mining country for four years. Returning east he located in Illinois and continued his practice in Greene and Jersey counties. He came to Kansas in June, 1859, and located on his present farm. His homestead consists of 160 acres, all highly improved, 130 of which are under cultivation, and has also a fine orchard. The Doctor continues to practice his profession in connection with his agricultural pursuits.

ROBERT E. BRAY, farmer, Section 7, P. O. Moran, was born in Jefferson County, Ind., August 11, 1854, and a few years later came to Kansas with his father E. C. Bray, who resided one year in Bourbon County, then moved to Osage Township, Allen County, where he continued to farm until his death, in May, 1871. The subject of our sketch has followed agricultural pursuits on his own account for the past seven years, and located on his present farm in 1881. He has 160 acres improved, with nice residence and farm buildings. Mr. B. was married in Allen County, Kan., in 1877, to Hannah M. Frederickson, who died in May, 1881, leaving one son - Albert L. He was married a second time at this place in January, 1883, to Mattie McCoy.

DEMAS D. BRITTON, farmer, Section 20, P. O. Ozark, Anderson County, was born at Terre Haute, Ind., February 16, 1839. At the age of sixteen, he removed to Clay County, that State, and was employed in general farm work. In April, 1861, he enlisted in the Tenth Indiana Volunteer Infantry, and served three months. He re-enlisted in the Eleventh Indiana Volunteer Infantry, Company D, in August, 1862. He was wounded September 19, 1864, at Winchester, Va., in the side of the head; taken prisoner and held for twenty days. He served until the war closed, after which he again followed agricultural pursuits in Clay County. Mr. Britton came to Allen County in November, 1866, and located on his present farm, which consists of 170 acres, all improved. On his place is a fine orchard of about four acres, and he breeds considerable stock. He was married in Clay County, Ind., October 16, 1866, to Coatney A. Pate. They have a family of five children.

JOHN J. CLOSE, dealer in live stock, Section 27, P. O. Ozark, Anderson County, was born in Jersey County, Ill., September 4, 1831, and assisted his father, who was engaged in supplying wood for manufacturing purposes, fuel, etc., in the St. Louis Market. At seventeen years of age, he began to work on a farm, and followed that occupation for five years, after which he embarked in mercantile business, in company with W. W. Felter, at Fielding, that county, with whom he continued in partnership for about four years; was then in same business, in company with Peter Felter, at Otter Creek Landing, and during that period also did an extensive business in shipping grain and lumber to St. Louis, Mo., for three years. In 1862, he sold out at Otter Creek Landing and purchased the merchandise stock of W. W. Felter, at Fielding, continuing that business until November, 1863, when he ceased, and embarked in live stock business in firm of Buzby, Evans & Close, and while in that firm he went to California, returning East in May, 1865, with a drove of horses, which he disposed of in Utah, where he engaged in general speculation until May, 1866, when he returned home to Illinois. He was then employed in managing a mercantile business in Jersey County until April, 1867, when he once more engaged in live stock business. He came to Kansas in September, 1867, on a prospecting tour, and in April, 1868, located on his present farm in Allen County. He has, in all, some 340 acres, all improved, 220 acres of which are in cultivation and 11 acres in orchard. Mr. Close is an extensive feeder and raiser of live stock. He was Clerk of his School District for nine years, and served two years as Treasurer of the township.

ABRAM DONICA, farmer, Section 19, P. O. Ozark, was born in Vigo County, Ind., May 13, 1838, and reared on a farm. In 1856 he moved to McLean County, Ill., and engaged in agricultural pursuits. On September 5, 1861, he enlisted in Company G, Fourth Illinois Cavalry, was appointed Sergeant, and promoted to Second Lieutenant in November, 1862, to First Lieutenant October 9, 1864, and to Captain March 2, 1865, serving until discharged, June 18, 1866. Mr. D. came to Allen County, Kan., in September, 1866, and located on his present farm. He purchased at that time 153 acres, and has now 343, all improved. On his place is a fine residence and an orchard of two acres, and he raises considerable stock. He was Trustee of the township in 1874 and 1875, and has filled several other local offices. The subject of this sketch was married in Allen County, Kan., May 23, 1867, to Miss Tabitha Mann. Their family consists of four children.

EDWARD G. GILBERT, farmer, Section 21, P. O. Ozark, Anderson County, was born in Harrison County, W. Va., in 1832. In 1850 he moved to Champaign County, Ohio, where he was employed in general farm work. In the fall of 1860 he came to Allen County, Kan., and purchased his farm, but only remained a short time, returning to his home in Ohio. During the war he served in Company F, One Hundred and Thirty-fourth Ohio National Guards, and was from the 2nd of May, 1864, until August 31, in the United States service. In December, 1865, he returned to Allen County, and has since resided in this township. He has 320 acres of land, one half of which are under cultivation. Also has a fine orchard, and is an extensive raiser of live stock, which is his main business. He was Treasurer of this township for three years. Mr. Gilbert was married in Allen County, Kan., August 19, 1866, to Mary E. Tucker, and they have a family of five children.

ABRAM F. HOFFMAN, farmer, Section 30, P. O. Ozark, Anderson County, was born in Somerset County, Pa., October 19, 1836. At sixteen years of age he moved to near Dayton, Ohio, and was employed in farming. During the war he served one hundred days in the Ohio National Guard. In October, 1870, he came to Kansas and located on his present farm. He has 320 acres, of which 100 acres are in cultivation and three acres in orchard. He is also an extensive raiser of live stock, and is one of the representative farmers of the township. Mr. Hoffman was elected Treasurer of Osage Township, in February, 1882, and again in 1883. He is also Treasurer of his school district.

WILLIAM RIGGS, farmer, Section 36, P. O. Ozark, was born in Warren County, Ill., September 20, 1838. Reared on a farm, and after reaching manhood farmed on his own account. He came to Kansas in March, 1873, and located on his present farm in Allen County, which consists of 320 acres, all improved, 150 of which are in cultivation. He has a good orchard on his place, and in 1882 built a very fine residence. Mr. R. is quite an extensive stock-raiser, and is one of the enterprising farmers of this county. In the spring of 1882 he was elected Trustee of the township, and served one term.

JAMES STAINBROOK, farmer, Section 33, P. O. Bronson, Bourbon County, was born in Muskingum County, Ohio, August 26, 1832, and was reared on a farm. In 1867 he moved West, to Moultrie County, Ill., and October 1, 1869, came to Bourbon County, Kan. Resided for a short time near Uniontown, Bourbon County, and in March, 1871, came to Allen County and located on this farm. He has in all 240 acres, all finely improved, and is largely engaged in raising live stock. He has also a nice orchard of about three acres, and has built himself a good residence. His farm is divided off with stone fences, with a never-failing spring in his pasture.

ROBERT STANLEY, farmer, Section 34, P. O. Ozark, Anderson County, was born in Warren County, Ohio, November 8, 1829, and reared in Clinton County on a farm, where he also carried on quite an extensive farm on his own account. He came to Allen County, Kan., November 14, 1868, and located on his present farm, which he entered as a homestead in 1869. He owns in the county 640 acres, 240 are in his residence farm, which is finely improved, and on which there is a splendid residence and an orchard of about five acres. He is an extensive dealer in live stock, and is one of the leading men of this township.

EDMUND D. WOLF, farmer, Section 34, P. O. Xenia, Bourbon County, was born at Athens, Ohio, December 30, 1806; there he learned the trade of tanner. In 1833, he moved to Porter County, Ind., where he followed agricultural pursuits; there he also built large flour mills, and carried them on for six years. In October, 1868, he came to Kansas, and located in Woodson County, where he farmed for some four years, after which he moved to Allen County, and located on his present farm. Mr. Wolf is a large and extensive farmer; he owns in this county 400 acres of land, and 200 in Bourbon County. He cultivates 200 acres of his property, and raises large quantities of live stock. He is one of the leaders in this section of country. 

S. S. KIRKHAM, carpenter and builder, P. O. Savensburg, was born in Van Buren County, Iowa, in 1843, and was reared and educated in Illinois, received his education at Rushville. At the breaking out of the war, he enlisted in Company G, Missouri Home Guards, and did service in it until January, 1862, was honorably discharged. He then re-enlisted in Company C, Twelfth Kansas Infantry, and did active service in that until the end of the war, when he was honorably discharged as Second Lieutenant, Company C. After the war he went to California, his people having located there in 1864. He carried on mining for a few years, returning to Kansas and marrying in 1870, when re returned to California and carried on mining until 1873, when he came back and located at Louisburg, Kan., and carried on contracting and building until 1878, when he located in Hepler, Kan., and carried on a lumber trade until February, 1883. He married in Paola, Kan., June 1, 1870, Miss Lizzie Miller, who was born in Cole County, Mo., and reared in Miami County, Kan. They have a family of four daughters - Minnie, Ethel, Flora and Fannie. The family are members of the Christian Church. He is a member of Hepler Post, G. A. R., No. 143. His farm contains 160 acres in Section 32, Elsinore Township, Allen County, of improved land, well fenced and watered, and stocked, good buildings, and an orchard of 350 trees of nicely assorted fruits, besides has 1,000 forest trees.